Building regulations 2025 - new non-domestic buildings: energy standard improvements - modelling report
Research output to identify and assess potential improvements in energy and emissions performance for non-domestic buildings constructed in Scotland set via Section 6 of the Scottish Building Standards (energy). This was to inform the setting of targets within the next set of energy standards.
Part of
7. References
AECOM Professional Services LLP. (2025). Spon's Mechanical and Electrical Services Price Book (56th ed.). Abingdon: CRC Press.
Building Standards Division. (2023). National Calculation Methodology (NCM) Modelling Guide for Non-Domestic Buildings in Scotland: 2022 edition (Version 1.2 (February 2023) ed.). Livingston: Buildings Standards Division.
Buro Happold. (2022). First National Assessment of Potential Heat Network Zones: Baseline and Stringent assessment for Scotland using the LHEES Methodology (V03, August 2021). Edinburgh: The Scottish Government.
Committee on Climate Change. (2019). Net Zero: The UK's contribution to stopping global warming. London: Committee on Climate Change.
Department for Energy Security & Net Zero. (2023). Fuel factors within the Home Energy Model: FHS Assessment. A technical explanation of the methodology. London: Information Policy Team.
Department for Energy Security and Net Zero. (2025, March 27). Gas and electricity prices in the non-domestic sector. Retrieved 06 23, 2025.
Department for Energy Security and Net Zero. (2025). Solar photovoltaic (PV) cost data. Retrieved 06 23, 2025.
European Commission. (n.d.). Energy Performance of Buildings Directive. Retrieved August 15, 2025.
Eurovent Certified Performance. (2025). Certified product directory. Retrieved 06 03, 2025.
Health and Safety Executive. (2023). England Consultation NCM Modelling Guide 2025 edition. Retrieved 05 28, 2025.
HM Government. (2019). The Climate Change Act 2008 (2050 Target Amendment) Order 2019. Retrieved 05 28, 2025.
International Energy Agency. (2022). The Future of Heat Pumps. Paris: International Energy Agency (IEA).
International Energy Agency. (2023). Lighting. Retrieved 06 02, 2025.
London Energy Transformation Initiative. (2020). Climate Emergency Design Guide. Retrieved 05 28, 2025.
Modern Place. (2025). Must-See LED Stats for 2025 and Beyond. Retrieved 06 09, 2025.
Networks, S. E. (2025). Generation Availability. Retrieved July 04, 2025
Passivhaus Trust. (2015). How to build a Passivhaus: Rules of thumb. Retrieved 05 28, 2025.
Peterson, N. (2025). LED Lighting Statistics to Know in 2024. Retrieved 06 02, 2025.
Ross, C. (2023). The Light Stuff: Efficiency is only part of the story for LEDs’ future. Retrieved 06 02, 2025
Scottish Government - Building Standards Division. (2025). Non-domestic Technical Handbook (v1.0 - December 2023 ed.).
Scottish Government. (2004, as amended). The Building (Scotland) Regulations. Retrieved 05 28, 2025.
Scottish Government. (2021a). Scottish Building Regulations – Proposed Changes to Energy Standards and associated topics. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government.
Scottish Government. (2021b). Building Standards Non-domestic Technical Handbook (extract) Consultation proposals - Section 6 'Energy'. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government.
Scottish Government. (2023). Heat Networks (Scotland) Act 2021. Edinburgh: The Scottish Government.
Scottish Government. (2024). Climate Change (Emissions Reduction Targets) (Scotland) Act 2024. Edinburgh: Scottish Government.
Scottish Government. (2024). Renewable and low carbon energy. Retrieved 06 04, 2025.
Solarquarter. (2024). Explained: Comparative Analysis of Solar + Battery Storage and Solar + Pump Storage Systems: Efficiency And Performance Metrics. Retrieved 06 23, 2025.
SP Energy Networks. (2025). SP Distribution Heat Maps. Retrieved 06 04, 2025.