Cleaner Air for Scotland 2 - Towards a Better Place for Everyone

Footnotes

1. Cleaner Air for Scotland strategy: independent review – gov.scot (www.gov.scot)

2. Planning (Scotland) Act 2019 (legislation.gov.uk)

3. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2021/4/contents

4. https://www.gov.scot/publications/cleaner-air-scotland-road-healthier-future/

5. Cleaner air for Scotland: progress report 2018-2019 – gov.scot (www.gov.scot)

6. https://www.gov.scot/publications/cleaner-air-scotland-strategy-independent-review/

7. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/lez/cafs-review-documents

8. Cleaner Air for Scotland 2: consultation – gov.scot (www.gov.scot)

9. https://www.gov.scot/publications/cleaner-air-scotland-road-healthier-future-2018-19-progress-report/pages/6/

10. Air Pollutant Inventories for England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland: 1990-2018 (defra.gov.uk)

11. Microsoft Word – Glasgow LEZ Website_RLDCVMAGRM_IncKeyPoints_Final_061020.docx (lowemissionzones.scot)

12. Public Air Quality Information (sepa.org.uk)

13. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/assets/documents/news/COVID19_lockdown_Time_Variance_analysis_of_air_quality_in_Scotland.html

14. https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/library/reports.php?report

15. https://www.gov.scot/publications/towards-robust-resilient-wellbeing-economy-scotland-report-advisory-group-economic-recovery/pages/6/

16. https://unece.org/convention-and-its-achievements

17. https://unece.org/environment-policyair/protocol-abate-acidification-eutrophication-and-ground-level-ozone

18. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2018/129/contents/made

19. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/air-quality-uk-national-air-pollution-control-programme

20. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/air-quality-uk-national-air-pollution-control-programme

21. Standards – Air Quality in Scotland (scottishairquality.scot)

22. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/laqm/aqma

23. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/latest/summary

24. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2019/15/enacted

25. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/assets/documents/Health-Environment-Working-Group-Report.pdf

26. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/assets/documents/Health-Environment-Working-Group-Report.pdf

27. http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/193108/REVIHAAP-Final-technical-report-final-version.pdf?ua=1

28. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2016/162/contents/made

29. Inquest into the Death of Ella Adoo-Kissi-Debrah (blackstonechambers.com)

30. https://www.hps.scot.nhs.uk/web-resources-container/air-pollution-and-health-briefing-note-mortality-associated-with-exposure-to-fine-particulate-matter-pm25-attributable-mortality-in-scotland/

31. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/assets/documents/Health-Environment-Working-Group-Report.pdf

32. Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2020 – gov.scot (www.gov.scot)

33. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/159742/7/159742.pdf

34. https://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/books/eh40.htm

35. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng149

36. https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/inside-story-health-effects-indoor-air-quality-children-young-people

37. Can refer to a mix of pollutants including ultrafine particles (particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5 and PM0.3), black carbon (BC), ultrafine particle number concentration (UFP), aromatic hydrocarbons, carbonyls, semi-volatile organic compounds, total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), airborne bacteria, microbes and fungi levels.

38. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300

39. https://nationalperformance.gov.scot/index.php/national-outcomes

40. Scottish greenhouse gas emissions 2017, https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-greenhouse-gas-emissions-2017/pages/3/

41. https://ccacoalition.org/en/resources/synergizing-action-environment-and-climate-good-practice-china-and-around-globe

42. For example, societal change toward the reduction in demand for unsustainable travel could see modal shift through the uptake of active travel or public transport (with less reliance on single occupancy private car use) to help reduce climate and air quality related emissions. Promoting active travel will also improve health and wellbeing.

43. https://www.zerowastescotland.org.uk/save-energy-reduce-waste/carbon-management-plans

44. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/assets/documents/CAFS-Climate-Change-Sub-Group-Report.pdf

45. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2019/15/contents

46. Securing a green recovery on a path to net zero: climate change plan 2018–2032 – update – gov.scot (www.gov.scot)

47. https://www.gov.scot/publications/protecting-scotlands-future-governments-programme-scotland-2019-20/pages/5/

48. https://www.gov.scot/groups/just-transition-commission/

49. Just Transition Commission: A National Mission for a fairer, greener Scotland – gov.scot (www.gov.scot)

50. https://www.gov.scot/publications/climate-ready-scotland-second-scottish-climate-change-adaptation-programme-2019-2024/

51. Noise – Environment – European Commission (europa.eu)

52. http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/environment-and-health/noise/publications/2018/environmental-noise-guidelines-for-the-european-region-2018

53. https://noise.environment.gov.scot/noise-statistics.html

54. 20 minute places (partnersinplanning.scot)

55. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/assets/documents/Placemaking-Working-Group-Report.pdf

56. https://www.gov.scot/publications/place-principle-introduction/

57. https://ec.europa.eu/research/environment/index.cfm?pg=nbs

58. https://www.gov.scot/publications/national-planning-framework-3/

59. https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-planning-policy/

60. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2019/13/introduction/enacted

61. Fourth National Planning Framework: position statement – gov.scot (www.gov.scot)

62. https://www.placestandard.scot/

63. This organisation was NHS Health Scotland until end of March 2020.

64. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/

65. https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/library/aqeg/pollution-sensors.php

66. Assessing air quality through citizen science — European Environment Agency (europa.eu)

67. http://www.learnaboutair.com/SEPA/

68. https://www.lowemissionzones.scot/

69. Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) refers to transport systems where there is a wireless data exchange between two or more ITS sub-systems (personal, vehicle, roadside and central) which will support a number of information, warning and assistance services which will be gradually deployed during the oncoming years.

70. Detailed and tailored traffic and air quality data collection exercises between 2017 and 2020 in Scotland's four major cities have underpinned the development of the NMF. The NMF provides a two-tiered standardised approach to modelling air quality at both local and regional levels using a nationally consistent methodology. The city models inform LEZ design decision making, whilst the regional model offers an air quality assessment-based tool within and across neighbouring local authority areas associated with large-scale planned developments.

71. www.gov.scot/isbn/9781839607745

72. https://www.sepa.org.uk/environment/environmental-data/spri/

73. http://www.scottishairquality.scot/assets/documents/Emissions-Working-Group-Report.pdf

74. https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/library/reports.php?report_id=992

75. It is worth noting the cautionary tone offered by the Air Quality Expert Group (AQEG) around NEE data, where they state that: "Quantitative data on the magnitude of non-exhaust emissions are sparse and highly uncertain…NEE emission factors used in inventories have a wide span of uncertainty – greater than a factor of two is typical – including considerable uncertainty in splits between PM10 and PM2.5 size fractions. The emission factors are also largely based on data from the 1990s and have not evolved as vehicle designs and fleet composition have changed, in contrast to the regularly updated factors used for exhaust emissions."

76. To place these figures into context, the NEE emission represent 7.4% and 8.5% respectively for all UK primary PM2.5 and PM10 emissions.

77. https://www.vehicle-certification-agency.gov.uk/other/non-road-mobile-mach.asp

78. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2018/764/made

79. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/691313/improving-air-quality-non-road-mobile-machinery-condoc.pdf

80. https://www.supplychainschool.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Plant-Charter-0420.pdf

81. https://www.airqualitynews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Liquid-Air-on-the-European-Highway.pdf and https://dearman.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Leeds-Dearman-auxTRU-report-2.3-Dissemination.pdf

82. http://content.tfl.gov.uk/auxiliary-temperature-reduction-units-in-the-greater-london-area.pdf

83. https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/assets/documents/reports/cat09/1910031755_DA_Air_Pollutant_Inventories_1990-2017_Issue_1.1.pdf

84. https://www.theccc.org.uk/publication/biomass-in-a-low-carbon-economy/

85. https://www.gov.scot/collections/scottish-house-condition-survey/

86. Fundamentally, planning controls do not extend to works which affect only the interior a building or do not materially affect the external appearance of a building, except certain repairs to war damage or creation of underground space.

87. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/clean-air-strategy-2019

88. https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c6ccf626-2f6d-11e5-9f85-01aa75ed71a1/language-en

89. https://woodsure.co.uk/firewood-ready-to-burn/

90. https://burnright.co.uk/

91. https://energysavingtrust.org.uk/scotland/home-energy-scotland

92. https://www2.gov.scot/energystrategy

93. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2012/360/contents

94. https://www.unece.org/index.php?id=41358

95. http://www.clrtap-tfrn.org/sites/clrtap-tfrn.org/files/documents/AGD_final_file.pdf

96. https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/assets/documents/reports/aqeg/2800829_Agricultural_emissions_vfinal2.pdf

97. https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR2600/RR2695/RAND_RR2695.pdf

98. https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789401797214

99. https://www.ruralpayments.org/topics/all-schemes/sustainable-agriculture-capital-grant-scheme--sacgs-/

100. https://www.gov.scot/policies/agriculture-and-the-environment/farmer-led-climate-change-groups/

101. https://www.nature.scot/professional-advice/land-and-sea-management/managing-land/upland-and-moorland/muirburn-code

102. Trends Report 2020: Trends in critical load and critical level exceedances in the UK | Critical Loads and Dynamic Modelling (ceh.ac.uk)

103. https://jncc.gov.uk/our-work/nitrogen-futures/

104. https://www.transport.gov.scot/our-approach/national-transport-strategy/

105. https://www.transport.gov.scot/publication/initial-appraisal-case-for-change-national-stpr2/

106. https://www.gov.scot/groups/just-transition-commission/

107. https://www.lowemissionzones.scot/

108. The Low Emission Zones (Emission Standards, Exemptions and Enforcement) (Scotland) Regulations 2021 (legislation.gov.uk)

109. The Low Emission Zones (Scotland) Regulations 2021 (legislation.gov.uk)

110. https://www.lowemissionzones.scot/support-fund

111. https://www.zerowastescotland.org.uk/save-energy-reduce-waste/carbon-management-plans

112. https://www.transport.gov.scot/active-travel/active-travel-framework/

113. https://www.pathsforall.org.uk/mediaLibrary/other/english/81342.pdf

114. https://www.transport.gov.scot/publication/cycling-action-plan-for-scotland-2017-2020/

115. https://www.sustrans.org.uk/our-blog/projects/2019/scotland/places-for-everyone/

116. https://www.pathsforall.org.uk/active-travel/smarter-choices-smarter-places-1

117. Scottish Transport Statistics 2018, chapter 11 headlines.

118. https://www.transport.gov.scot/public-transport/buses/bus-services-operators-grant/

119. https://www2.gov.scot/Publications/2012/04/3534

120. https://www.rssb.co.uk/en/Research-and-Technology/Sustainability/Air-quality

121. https://smarttravel.scot/

122. Switched on Towns and Cities Challenge Fund, https://www.transport.gov.scot/our-approach/environment/carbon-reduction-on-roads/switched-on-towns-and-cities-challenge-fund/

123. https://www.parliament.scot/parliamentarybusiness/CurrentCommittees/105527.aspx

124. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1973/65/contents

125. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2003/1/contents

126. ECO Stars – Fleet Recognition Scheme (ecostars-uk.com)

127. https://www.transport.gov.scot/media/40406/its-strategy-2017-final.pdf

128. The SPICe report observed that 'Independent academic research into the impact of the Nottingham WPL on traffic congestion concluded that there is "…a statistically validated link between the introduction of a WPL and a reduction in congestion'. https://spice-spotlight.scot/2019/05/10/the-proposed-workplace-parking-levy/

129. https://infrastructurecommission.scot/storage/245/FullReport_200120.pdf