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Publication - Statistics

Pesticide usage in Scotland: arable crops and potato stores 2020

Published
15 December 2021
From
Minister for Green Skills, Circular Economy and Biodiversity
Directorate
Agriculture and Rural Economy Directorate
Part of
Environment and climate change, Farming and rural
ISBN
9781802016352

This publication presents information from a survey of pesticide use on arable crops and potato stores in Scotland during 2020.

This document is part of a collection

View supporting documents Supporting documents

Appendix 1 – Estimated application tables

Table 1 Percentage of each crop treated with pesticides and mean number of spray applications - 2020
Crop Fungicides Herbicides/ desiccants Insecticides(1) Molluscicide Sulphur Growth regulators Any pesticide exc. STs Seed treatments Any pesticideinc. STs
% spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % spray apps % %
Winter barley 96 2.6 96 2.1 19 1.0 2 1.1 0 0.0 89 1.9 100 4.1 88 100
Spring barley 95 1.8 99 1.8 8 1.0 <0.5 1.0 3 1.0 35 1.2 99 2.7 92 99
Winter wheat 100 3.5 97 2.1 24 1.2 18 1.3 0 0.0 96 1.9 100 5.1 94 100
Spring wheat 100 1.9 100 1.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 79 1.0 100 2.8 79 100
Winter oats 74 2.4 82 1.5 14 1.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 80 1.5 89 3.3 84 89
Spring oats 90 1.7 92 1.9 24 1.0 0 0.0 1 1.0 79 1.1 93 3.1 83 93
Winter rye 100 1.5 100 1.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 100 1.7 100 3.2 100 100
Oilseed rape 98 2.7 100 2.6 73 1.8 46 1.4 <0.5 1.0 15 1.0 100 5.8 75 100
Seed potatoes 100 8.8 100 2.3 92 6.5 34 1.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 100 10.9 88 100
Ware potatoes 99 10.2 99 2.4 58 1.9 58 3.3 0 0.0 8 1.0 99 13.8 85 100
Legumes 46 1.1 89 1.9 7 1.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 89 2.5 8(2) 89
Total arable crops 96 2.7 98 2.0 20 1.9 9 1.8 2 1.0 52 1.5 99 4.1 90 99

(1) Includes nematicides

(2) 92 per cent of legumes in 2020 had no seed treatment; the seed treatment information for the remaining eight per cent was unspecified

Note: STs = seed treatments

The average number of spray applications is calculated only on the areas receiving each pesticide group and therefore the minimum number of applications is always one (see Appendix 3 – definitions and notes for details)

Table 2 Cereal seed treatment formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Seed treatments Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(2,3) 2018(2,3)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Cypermethrin 0 0 0 0 1,625 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,625 202 1,986 275
Difenoconazole/ fludioxonil 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,184 14 73 <0.5
Fludioxonil 3,833 9 18,490 7 41,449 45 754 33 3,223 40 9,236 36 77,725 774 59,813 612
Fludioxonil/ sedaxane 0 0 0 0 8,904 10 0 0 0 0 251 1 9,155 181 5,915 100
Fludioxonil/ tebuconazole 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,039 46 0 0 0 0 1,039 12 0 0
Fludioxonil/ tefluthrin 0 0 429 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 429 20 846 47
Fluopyram/ prothioconazole/ tebuconazole 10,955 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10,955 201 41,058 773
Imazalil/ ipconazole 14,628 34 31,573 12 651 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 46,853 636 101,960 1,431
Prothioconazole 1,079 3 19,455 8 2,546 3 0 0 255 3 575 2 23,909 463 14,421 268
Prothioconazole /tebuconazole 5,736 13 142,480 55 24,900 27 0 0 2,836 36 9,929 38 188,094 4,257 80,299 1,842

Cont…

Table 2 Cereal seed treatment formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Seed treatments Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat
Spring wheat 		Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Silthiofam 0 0 0 0 6,381 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,381 330 3,398 179
Unspecified seed treatment(3) 1,718 4 26,816 10 3,929 4 0 0 413 5 1,521 6 34,397 N/A 27,302 N/A
All seed treatments 37,949 88 239,243 92 90,385 94 1,792 79 6,727 84 21,512 83 402,746 7,091 365,829 8,435
No information seed treatment(3) 2,793 6 4,184 2 4,618 5 490 21 175 2 371 1 12,631 N/A 36,772 N/A
No seed treatment 2,347 5 15,275 6 1,037 1 0 0 1,082 14 4,116 16 23,857 N/A 28,039 N/A
Area grown 43,089 258,702 91,249 2,282 7,984 25,999 434,443 425,674

(1) Includes winter rye

(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

(3) Refer to Appendix 3 for definitions

N/A = not applicable

Table 3 Cereal insecticide and molluscicide formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticides Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Deltamethrin 231 1 2,665 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,896 17 2,835 11
Esfenvalerate 2,231 5 819 <0.5 5,452 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 8,502 33 8,666 30
Lambda-cyhalothrin 5,810 13 17,502 7 21,240 19 0 0 1,095 14 6,225 24 51,871 240 61,626 281
All insecticides 8,272 19 20,985 8 26,692 24 0 0 1,095 14 6,225 24 63,269 291 78,127 385
Molluscicides
Ferric phosphate 236 1 0 0 16,394 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 16,631 1,814 9,227 1,196
Metaldehyde 592 1 34 <0.5 5,351 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,977 327 20,213 2,126
All molluscicides 828 2 34 <0.5 21,746 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 22,608 2,141 29,439 3,322
Area grown 43,089 258,702 91,249 2,282 7,984 25,999 434,443 425,674

(1) Includes winter rye

(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

N/A = not applicable

Table 4 Cereal fungicide and sulphur formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Azoxystrobin 787 2 135 <0.5 12,894 14 490 21 0 0 1,171 5 15,478 1,466 2,821 417
Azoxystrobin/ chlorothalonil 0 0 265 <0.5 337 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 601 291 13,306 8,625
Azoxystrobin/ cyproconazole 1,286 3 1,364 <0.5 2,692 3 0 0 413 5 0 0 5,755 840 2,551 538
Benzovindiflupyr 608 1 1,066 <0.5 12,437 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 14,112 718 21,164 1,066
Benzovindiflupyr/ prothioconazole 1,558 4 3,212 1 1,276 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,045 709 3,665 614
Bixafen 8,438 20 32,759 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41,196 1,062 10,196 289
Bixafen/fluopyram 0 0 0 0 185 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 185 26 0 0
Bixafen/fluopyram/ prothioconazole 0 0 0 0 4,974 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,974 1,455 2,286 670
Bixafen/ fluoxastrobin/ prothioconazole 0 0 0 0 11,398 12 490 21 0 0 0 0 11,888 2,810 8,132 1,952
Bixafen/ prothioconazole 9,942 17 22,110 6 903 1 0 0 1,302 12 575 2 34,832 3,946 38,391 4,755
Bixafen/ prothioconazole/ spiroxamine 3,675 9 13,562 5 19,997 20 0 0 962 9 7,481 24 45,675 17,217 15,051 7,642

Cont…

Table 4 Cereal fungicide and sulphur formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Bixafen/ prothioconazole/ spiroxamine 3,675 9 13,562 5 19,997 20 0 0 962 9 7,481 24 45,675 17,217 15,051 7,642
Bixafen/ prothioconazole/ tebuconazole 0 0 0 0 5,063 6 819 36 0 0 0 0 5,882 1,553 8,071 2,308
Boscalid/ epoxiconazole 0 0 1,600 1 32,567 35 0 0 0 0 703 3 35,610 9,779 42,733 11,869
Boscalid/ epoxiconazole/ pyraclostrobin 1,567 4 0 0 3,142 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,709 1,793 853 300
Bromuconazole/ tebuconazole 0 0 0 0 7,125 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 7,125 1,751 0 0
Chlorothalonil 37,730 64 45,821 17 103,788 71 819 36 0 0 0 0 188,159 98,313 458,712 224,660
Chlorothalonil/ cyproconazole 65 <0.5 0 0 2,237 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,301 1,032 11,987 5,090
Chlorothalonil/ proquinazid 552 1 0 0 1,471 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,022 1,058 10,527 5,090
Chlorothalonil/ tebuconazole 246 1 0 0 4,109 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,355 2,355 20,846 11,296
Copper oxychloride 320 1 1,954 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,274 412 0 0
Cyflufenamid 5,927 12 1,404 1 13,777 11 490 21 4,460 39 8,787 34 34,845 292 49,159 431

Cont…

Table 4 Cereal fungicide and sulphur formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Cyproconazole/ penthiopyrad 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,438 18 2,530 10 3,968 644 2,695 362
Cyprodinil 11,181 26 14,898 5 857 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 26,936 5,603 22,523 4,083
Cyprodinil/ isopyrazam 0 0 2,553 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,553 528 12,775 2,579
Epoxiconazole 0 0 3,115 1 25,572 26 0 0 1,334 17 3,174 10 33,195 2,203 68,924 4,333
Epoxiconazole/ fenpropimorph 857 2 5,469 2 541 1 0 0 483 6 0 0 7,350 1,161 37,041 8,805
Epoxiconazole/ fenpropimorph/ kresoxim-methyl 0 0 571 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 675 3 1,246 191 20,637 4,417
Epoxiconazole/ fenpropimorph/ metrafenone 0 0 0 0 154 <0.5 0 0 342 4 803 3 1,300 271 14,523 4,071
Epoxiconazole/ fluxapyroxad 0 0 1,632 1 13,380 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 15,012 1,710 51,999 6,302
Epoxiconazole/ fluxapyroxad/ pyraclostrobin 3,554 7 2,747 1 877 1 0 0 0 0 1,304 5 8,482 1,496 19,226 3,071
Epoxiconazole/ folpet 0 0 75 <0.5 678 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 754 422 1,618 810

Cont…

Table 4 Cereal fungicide and sulphur formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Epoxiconazole/ isopyrazam 0 0 149 <0.5 141 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 290 22 951 82
Epoxiconazole/ metconazole 0 0 0 0 15,407 13 469 21 0 0 0 0 15,876 985 13,335 771
Epoxiconazole/ metrafenone 1,417 3 0 0 3,760 4 0 0 228 3 1,355 5 6,760 1,002 12,710 1,665
Epoxiconazole/ pyraclostrobin 847 2 4,583 2 2,773 3 66 1 152 2 1,846 7 10,702 1,210 4,825 487
Fenpropidin/ prochloraz/ tebuconazole 0 0 0 0 159 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 159 8 1,492 671
Fenpropimorph 5,114 12 1,452 1 1,174 1 0 0 2,117 25 2,466 9 12,323 2,913 39,691 7,907
Fenpropimorph/ pyraclostrobin 0 0 338 <0.5 0 0 0 0 87 1 0 0 425 40 17,661 5,551
Fluoxastrobin/ prothioconazole 0 0 3,617 1 3,726 4 0 0 1,295 16 2,388 8 11,026 1,614 15,423 2,030
Fluoxastrobin/ prothioconazole/ trifloxystrobin 10,847 17 56,265 19 750 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 67,861 8,605 56,944 6,674
Fluxapyroxad 9,964 22 27,599 10 23,267 24 301 13 239 3 1,305 5 62,675 2,439 49,974 2,337
Fluxapyroxad/ mefentrifluconazole 637 1 1,143 <0.5 26,702 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 28,482 3,311 0 0

Cont…

Table 4 Cereal fungicide and sulphur formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Winter barley
Spring barley 		Winter wheat Spring wheat
Winter oats 		Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Fluxapyroxad/ metconazole 0 0 0 0 1,150 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,150 121 1,379 189
Fluxapyroxad/ pyraclostrobin 6,886 15 10,749 4 16,223 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 33,858 4,994 20,810 2,748
Folpet 14,740 26 145,294 49 76,937 57 803 35 0 0 0 0 237,775 111,591 20,200 9,114
Isopyrazam/ prothioconazole 463 1 17,963 7 1,117 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 19,543 3,619 0 0
Mancozeb 0 0 0 0 18,602 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 18,602 15,175 7,554 5,734
Mefentrifluconazole 0 0 1,270 <0.5 20,030 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 21,300 1,636 0 0
Metconazole 0 0 0 0 1,956 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,956 106 918 37
Metrafenone 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 300 1 300 19 0 0
Prochloraz/ proquinazid/ tebuconazole 243 1 1,258 <0.5 5,798 6 0 0 201 3 0 0 7,500 1,930 18,211 4,939
Prochloraz/ tebuconazole 0 0 0 0 11,401 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 11,401 4,377 13,596 4,612
Proquinazid 2,461 6 500 <0.5 5,036 4 33 1 1,098 14 2,134 7 13,446 363 16,651 502
Prothioconazole 16,006 28 40,523 15 23,258 25 819 36 1,765 15 3,604 13 86,392 8,201 68,565 5,944
Prothioconazole/ spiroxamine 9,815 20 58,058 19 2,269 2 0 0 1,249 16 4,057 16 75,448 16,439 54,938 12,208

Cont…

Table 4 Cereal fungicide and sulphur formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides
Winter barley
Spring barley
Winter wheat 		Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Prothioconazole/spiroxamine/ tebuconazole 463 1 3,364 1 404 <0.5 0 0 0 0 415 2 4,645 781 2,187 400
Prothioconazole/tebuconazole 11,413 21 70,466 25 38,740 35 1,003 31 0 0 1,584 6 125,925 15,894 110,355 14,593
Prothioconazole/trifloxystrobin 12,031 25 77,347 24 5,513 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 94,890 11,553 76,459 9,351
Pyraclostrobin 441 1 0 0 1,709 2 0 0 0 0 449 2 3,016 245 6,199 510
Tebuconazole 0 0 988 <0.5 39,825 36 291 13 1,653 21 3,327 13 49,627 6,727 42,191 5,314
Trifloxystrobin 3,986 9 23,165 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27,151 1,697 15,420 1,204
Unspecified fungicide(3) 114 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 114 N/A 0 N/A
All fungicides 196,180 96 702,401 95 630,257 100 6,894 100 20,818 74 52,432 90 1,619,439 390,727 1,710,838 450,428
Sulphur 0 0 8,841 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 294 1 9,135 38,254 1,339 2,261
Area grown 43,089 258,702 91,249 2,282 7,984 25,999 434,443 425,674

(1) Includes winter rye

(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

(3) Refer to Appendix 3 for definitions

Table 5 Cereal herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/ desiccants Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(21,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
2,4-D/glyphosate 0 0 136 <0.5 94 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 231 332 7 15
2,4-D/MCPA 0 0 2,365 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,365 3,991 527 836
2,4-DB 0 0 3,054 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 <0.5 3,065 3,392 5,897 5,484
2,4-DB/MCPA 0 0 592 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 592 759 322 460
Amidosulfuron/ iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 1,249 3 248 <0.5 2,945 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,441 100 868 17
Amidosulfuron/ iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium/ mesosulfuron-methyl 0 0 0 0 411 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 411 15 0 0
Bromoxynil 0 0 1,142 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,142 229 0 0
Bromoxynil/ diflufenican 0 0 0 0 892 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 892 166 1,137 64
Chlorotoluron/ diflufenican/ pendimethalin 5,047 12 4,050 2 6,070 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 16,943 18,913 11,847 13,235

Cont…

Table 5 Cereal herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/ desiccants Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats
Spring oats 		Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Clodinafop-propargyl 0 0 0 0 6,565 7 148 6 0 0 0 0 6,714 181 9,815 272
Clodinafop-propargyl/ pinoxaden 0 0 0 0 1,436 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,436 43 0 0
Clopyralid 0 0 0 0 1,216 1 0 0 0 0 547 2 1,764 123 426 25
Clopyralid/ florasulam/ fluroxypyr 1,559 4 6,383 2 678 1 0 0 201 3 395 2 9,216 1,378 12,896 1,856
Dicamba/ MCPA/ mecoprop-p 0 0 1,623 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,623 500 1,301 1,072
Dicamba/ mecoprop-p 121 <0.5 25,103 10 1,418 2 0 0 0 0 208 1 26,849 13,510 38,364 19,363
Dichlorprop-p/ MCPA/ mecoprop-p 0 0 2,620 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,620 1,834 6,240 5,362
Diflufenican 11,197 26 20,112 8 24,388 27 0 0 87 1 6,773 26 65,158 4,277 64,562 4,324
Diflufenican/ florasulam 335 1 0 0 1,475 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,810 62 6,752 231
Diflufenican/ flufenacet 13,315 31 35,305 14 21,677 24 490 21 4,355 55 0 0 78,504 12,822 60,984 9,307

Cont...

Table 5 Cereal herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/ desiccants Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Diflufenican/ flufenacet/ flurtamone 0 0 0 0 597 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 597 134 4,215 1,359
Diflufenican/ iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium/ mesosulfuron-methyl 0 0 0 0 6,514 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,514 341 4,021 184
Diflufenican/ pendimethalin 391 1 0 0 1,062 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,453 1,099 6,209 4,074
Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 949 2 10,162 4 820 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 11,930 665 9,258 532
Florasulam 1,610 4 3,767 1 3,398 4 0 0 26 <0.5 911 4 9,712 35 5,352 15
Florasulam/ fluroxypyr 868 2 16,963 7 4,316 5 0 0 1,129 14 2,220 9 26,237 1,914 20,068 1,471
Florasulam/ halauxifen-methyl 5,292 12 22,138 9 8,544 9 819 36 0 0 0 0 36,794 265 38,669 240
Florasulam/ pinoxaden 0 0 75 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 1 0 0
Florasulam/ pyroxsulam 0 0 0 0 3,325 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,325 75 4,635 103

Cont…

Table 5 Cereal herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/ desiccants Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Florasulam/ tribenuron-methyl 0 0 1,365 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,094 16 5,458 86 0 0
Flufenacet 1,026 2 0 0 3,662 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,689 722 2,291 248
Flufenacet/ pendimethalin 2,319 5 572 <0.5 3,076 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,967 5,652 6,167 4,240
Flufenacet/ picolinafen 7,099 16 0 0 12,002 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 19,100 3,348 12,658 2,316
Flumioxazine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 220 3 0 0 220 7 81 2
Fluroxypyr 5,909 14 61,790 24 10,611 12 170 7 1,166 15 11,253 43 90,898 11,005 84,597 10,405
Fluroxypyr/ halauxifen-methyl 1,252 3 65,052 25 1,761 2 992 43 0 0 0 0 69,057 6,318 45,060 4,403
Fluroxypyr/ metsulfuron-methyl 0 0 5,181 2 234 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,414 510 0 0
Glyphosate 25,163 58 89,222 34 34,446 34 803 35 1,560 17 9,230 35 161,783 127,410 134,985 96,176
Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium/ mesosulfuron-methyl 0 0 0 0 13,934 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 13,934 149 6,245 77
MCPA 0 0 4,762 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 534 2 5,296 4,992 4,563 3,423

Cont…

Table 5 Cereal herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/ desiccants Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Mecoprop-p 2,310 5 49,494 19 13,867 15 301 13 359 5 9,701 37 76,033 47,658 79,978 49,935
Mesosulfuron-methyl/ propoxycarbazone-sodium 0 0 0 0 567 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 567 19 394 15
Metsulfuron-methyl 1,881 4 7,870 3 4,666 5 523 23 359 5 1,114 4 16,413 73 13,674 57
Metsulfuron-methyl/ thifensulfuron-methyl 1,065 2 114,027 44 7,015 8 1,759 77 0 0 0 0 123,867 3,558 109,890 3,228
Metsulfuron-methyl/ tribenuron-methyl 4,088 9 30,357 12 8,349 9 0 0 1,495 19 6,040 23 51,260 396 54,098 478
Pendimethalin 4,634 11 3,727 1 12,665 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 21,462 16,982 37,066 28,111
Pendimethalin/ picolinafen 12,055 28 26,236 10 17,611 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 55,902 44,507 74,828 54,317
Pinoxaden 2,734 6 32,407 13 2,043 2 170 7 0 0 0 0 37,354 1,105 48,042 1,167
Prosulfocarb 893 2 5,772 2 2,993 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 11,018 13,217 4,271 5,431
Pyroxsulam 0 0 0 0 733 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,093 39 1,042 20

Cont…

Table 5 Cereal herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/ dessicants Winter barley Spring barley Winter wheat Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Sulfosulfuron 0 0 0 0 108 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 108 2 559 11
Thifensulfuron-methyl 0 0 0 0 640 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 640 19 1,375 31
Thifensulfuron-methyl/ tribenuron-methyl 4,034 9 54,763 21 8,387 9 0 0 528 7 9,829 38 77,542 1,830 56,272 1,473
Tri-allate 243 1 241 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 484 481 0 0
Tribenuron-methyl 320 1 7,160 3 3,539 4 0 0 0 0 322 1 11,340 74 10,763 58
All herbicides/ desiccants 118,957 96 715,836 99 260,752 97 6,175 100 11,488 82 63,182 92 1,190,313 357,315 1,130,538 336,584

Cont…

Table 5 Cereal herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Growth regulators Winter barley Spring barley
Winter wheat 		Spring wheat Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
2-chloroethylphosphonic acid 7,259 17 18,792 7 9,871 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 35,921 5,938 41,643 8,017
2-chloroethylphosphonic acid/chlormequat 2,832 7 4,896 2 8,601 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 16,329 6,041 11,757 5,015
2-chloroethylphosphonic acid/chlormequat chloride 704 2 706 <0.5 1,100 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,510 964 3,715 1,517
2-chloroethylphosphonic acid/mepiquat 2,225 5 148 <0.5 272 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,644 1,005 562 346
2-chloroethylphosphonic acid/mepiquat chloride 405 1 538 <0.5 606 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,549 508 0 0
Chlormequat 35,880 66 41,806 16 108,909 92 523 23 5,262 63 14,255 50 211,357 160,806 177,045 154,752
Chlormequat/imazaquin 0 0 0 0 646 <0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 646 195 12,448 5,451
Mepiquat chloride/ prohexadione-calcium 11,812 24 11,490 4 16,020 17 0 0 626 7 2,725 10 44,470 8,117 51,548 7,642
Prohexadione-calcium 3,440 8 203 <0.5 1,673 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,316 143 0 0

Cont…

Table 5 Cereal herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Growth regulators Winter barley Spring barley
Winter wheat
Spring wheat 		Winter oats Spring oats Total 2020(1) Total 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Prohexadione-calcium/ trinexapac-ethyl 463 1 2,200 1 2,039 1 0 0 0 0 3,057 11 10,776 359 9,962 326
Trinexapac-ethyl 26,210 52 34,338 12 91,278 74 1,813 79 6,095 64 6,819 23 170,012 5,663 138,678 4,984
All growth regulators 91,230 89 115,117 35 241,015 96 2,335 79 11,983 80 26,857 79 501,530 189,739 448,775 188,943
Area grown 43,089 258,702 91,249 2,282 7,984 25,999 434,443 425,674

(1) Includes winter rye

(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

Table 6 Oilseed rape seed treatment formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Seed treatments Oilseed Rape 2020(1) Oilseed Rape 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % kg ha kg
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain MBI600 7,783 25 2 0 0
Thiram 11,966 39 90 1,430 8
Unspecified seed treatment(3) 3,195 10 N/A 1,380 N/A
All seed treatments 22,944 75 93 29,574 323
No information seed treatment(3) 1,987 6 N/A 3,091 N/A
No seed treatment 5,862 19 N/A 456 N/A
Area grown 30,793 32,735

(1) Oilseed rape figures from 2018 and 2020 include spring oilseed rape.

(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

(3) Refer to Appendix 3 for definitions

N/A = not applicable

Table 7 Oilseed rape insecticide and molluscicide formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticides Oilseed Rape 2020(1) Oilseed Rape 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % kg ha kg
Acetamiprid 656 2 26 0 0
Alpha-cypermethrin 324 1 3 0 0
Deltamethrin 368 1 3 1,701 10
Esfenvalerate 444 1 2 0 0
Indoxacarb 503 1 12 199 4
Lambda-cyhalothrin 26,390 41 182 14,318 84
Tau-fluvalinate 11,293 25 473 10,667 389
Thiacloprid 1,392 3 100 0 0
All insecticides 41,369 73 801 33,353 551
Molluscicides
Ferric phosphate 14,546 56 1,754 8,174 926
Metaldehyde 5,434 19 384 15,743 1,513
All molluscicides 19,980 46 2,138 23,917 2,439
Area grown 30,793 32,735

(1) Oilseed rape figures from 2018 and 2020 include spring oilseed rape.

(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

Table 8 Oilseed rape fungicide and sulphur formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Oilseed Rape 2020(1) Oilseed Rape 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % kg ha kg
Azoxystrobin 4,898 5 701 6,756 1,089
Azoxystrobin/cyproconazole 2,698 3 469 4,427 940
Azoxystrobin/isopyrazam 762 1 147 294 72
Azoxystrobin/tebuconazole 714 1 217 114 36
Bixafen/prothioconazole 137 <0.5 26 0 0
Bixafen/prothioconazole/tebuconazole 3,549 4 985 3,069 768
Boscalid 4,080 4 671 10,917 2,010
Boscalid/dimoxystrobin 2,886 2 431 1,296 259
Boscalid/metconazole 7,724 7 1,231 3,463 612
Difenoconazole 334 <0.5 29 777 54
Fluopyram/prothioconazole 9,073 7 1,752 8,103 1,650
Fluoxastrobin/tebuconazole 2,259 2 534 0 0
Metconazole 3,309 3 71 1,869 28
Prothioconazole 24,014 17 2,711 24,563 3,093
Prothioconazole/tebuconazole 25,499 16 4,133 27,435 4,797
Tebuconazole 6,897 7 1,090 4,172 604
Thiophanate-methyl 488 <0.5 147 909 281
All fungicides 99,321 98 15,344 109,052 18,933
Sulphur 53 <0.5 169 223 401
Area grown 30,793 32,735

(1) Oilseed rape figures from 2018 and 2020 include spring oilseed rape.

(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

Table 9 Oilseed rape herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/desiccants Oilseed Rape 2020(1) Oilseed Rape 2020(1) 2018(1,2) 2018(1,2)
ha % kg ha kg
Aminopyralid/metazachlor/picloram 1,776 2 1,264 1,073 834
Aminopyralid/propyzamide 1,163 1 957 878 739
Bifenox 673 1 323 270 129
Clethodim 444 <0.5 34 0 0
Clomazone 9,069 9 514 10,295 607
Clomazone/metazachlor 3,327 3 2,248 3,988 2,679
Clopyralid 1,119 1 113 845 117
Clopyralid/halauxifen-methyl 1,280 1 112 0 0
Clopyralid/picloram 239 <0.5 25 2,074 225
Dimethenamid-p/metazachlor 267 <0.5 215 592 557
Dimethenamid-p/metazachlor/quinmerac 3,046 3 3,328 6,128 6,285
Fluazifop-p-butyl 1,785 2 154 2,243 211
Glyphosate 21,228 22 29,860 26,942 35,098
Halauxifen-methyl/picloram 1,186 1 18 0 0
Imazamox/quinmerac 999 1 276 0 0
Metazachlor 14,679 15 9,041 17,222 10,600
Metazachlor/quinmerac 2,221 2 2,038 1,627 1,392
Propaquizafop 8,889 9 497 11,854 593
Propyzamide 11,663 12 7,821 6,328 4,088
Quizalofop-p-ethyl 8,245 8 287 4,690 177
Quizalofop-p-tefuryl 3,714 4 95 2,122 60
All herbicides/desiccants 97,013 100 59,219 100,286 64,895
Growth regulators
Mepiquat chloride/metconazole 4,603 15 859 5,139 938
All growth regulators 4,603 15 859 5,139 938
Area grown 30,793 32,735

(1) Oilseed rape figures from 2018 and 2020 include spring oilseed rape.

(2) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

Table 10 Potato seed treatment formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Seed treatments Seed potatoes
Ware potatoes 		Total 2020 Total 2020 2018 2018
ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Fludioxonil 2,196 18 3,022 19 5,218 420 2,574 278
Flutolanil 5,477 46 6,670 41 12,148 3,832 7,369 2,166
Imazalil 659 5 1,989 12 2,648 113 3,391 153
Pencycuron 205 2 155 1 360 231 9,321 4,642
Penflufen 1,931 16 1,986 12 3,916 292 0 0
Unspecified seed treatment(1) 423 4 438 3 860 N/A 2,394 N/A
All seed treatments 10,891 88 14,259 85 25,150 4,888 25,048 7,239
No information seed treatment(1) 666 6 899 6 1,565 N/A 1,449 N/A
No seed treatment 713 6 1,592 10 2,305 N/A 2,423 N/A
Area grown 12,003 16,294 28,298 27,359

(1) Refer to Appendix 3 for definitions

N/A = not applicable

Table 11 Potato insecticide and molluscicide formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticides/nematicides Seed potatoes Ware potatoes Total 2020 Total 2020 2018(1) 2018(1)
ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Acetamiprid 4,998 38 3,036 11 8,033 383 746 37
Esfenvalerate 24,867 74 7,073 23 31,940 157 22,601 109
Flonicamid 7,931 49 102 1 8,033 634 6,785 447
Fosthiazate 0 0 744 5 744 1,873 108 162
Lambda-cyhalothrin 32,860 87 4,584 21 37,444 269 41,126 280
Oxamyl 120 1 2,413 15 2,532 4,524 1,786 5,033
Spirotetramat 1,298 10 0 0 1,298 76 0 0
Thiacloprid 11,649 69 1,012 6 12,662 1,181 12,432 1,093
All insecticides/nematicides 83,722 92 18,964 58 102,686 9,097 90,685 7,675
Molluscicides
Ferric phosphate 7,400 34 29,385 56 36,785 4,534 8,456 1,330
Metaldehyde 411 3 4,261 10 4,673 410 13,220 1,624
Unspecified molluscicide(2) 0 0 448 1 448 N/A N/A N/A
All molluscicides 7,811 34 34,095 58 41,906 4,945 21,676 2,955
Area grown 12,003 16,294 28,298 27,359

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

(2) Refer to Appendix 3 for definitions

N/A = not applicable

Table 12 Potato fungicide formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Seed potatoes Ware potatoes Total 2020 Total 2020 2018(1) 2018(1)
ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Ametoctradin 0 0 449 2 449 108 0 0
Ametoctradin/dimethomorph 5,092 33 11,519 46 16,612 6,883 20,594 8,650
Amisulbrom 8,011 40 13,361 52 21,372 1,832 25,318 2,210
Azoxystrobin 0 0 7,947 28 7,947 2,398 2,907 972
Benthiavalicarb 806 7 6,057 21 6,863 333 0 0
Benthiavalicarb/oxathiapiprolin 5,269 34 6,683 30 11,952 469 0 0
Benthiavalicarb isopropyl/ mancozeb 5,469 29 7,861 20 13,330 15,278 9,311 10,612
Boscalid/pyraclostrobin 0 0 113 1 113 9 0 0
Cyazofamid 27,113 87 38,014 86 65,128 5,173 54,530 4,382
Cymoxanil 16,488 59 26,778 69 43,266 4,140 21,699 1,982
Cymoxanil/mancozeb 25,957 78 61,530 88 87,486 114,430 59,343 74,762
Cymoxanil/mandipropamid 4,364 14 922 5 5,287 1,361 1,734 446
Cymoxanil/ propamocarb hydrochloride 2,849 21 8,030 28 10,879 11,596 4,746 4,276
Cymoxanil/zoxamide 1,911 11 2,486 10 4,397 1,279 323 96
Dimethomorph 1,063 4 4,855 19 5,917 888 3,118 468
Dimethomorph/mancozeb 2,754 20 10,599 36 13,354 23,525 10,663 18,628
Dimethomorph/ propamocarb hydrochloride 0 0 397 2 397 469 0 0

Cont…

Table 12 Potato fungicide formulations – 2020 continued

Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated

Fungicides Seed potatoes Ware potatoes Total 2020 Total 2020 2018(1) 2018(1)
ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Fluazinam 4,346 21 6,257 23 10,603 3,046 14,077 3,896
Fluopicolide/ propamocarb hydrochloride 8,175 41 13,134 54 21,309 23,072 13,981 14,592
Mancozeb 6,454 24 6,160 21 12,614 16,014 7,659 8,749
Mancozeb/zoxamide 0 0 3,168 9 3,168 3,472 791 1,068
Mandipropamid 15,970 71 12,136 43 28,106 4,160 30,132 4,346
Oxathiapiprolin 3,836 20 4,216 22 8,052 111 10,100 149
All fungicides 145,927 100 252,674 99 398,601 240,046 306,927 166,694
Area grown 12,003 16,294 28,298 27,359

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

Table 13 Potato herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/desiccants Seed potatoes Ware potatoes Total 2020 Total 2020 2018(1) 2018(1)
ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Aclonifen 1,612 13 861 5 2,473 2,589 0 0
Carfentrazone-ethyl 13,408 88 14,606 61 28,013 1,393 20,949 1,001
Clomazone 694 6 1,907 12 2,601 146 733 37
Clomazone/pendimethalin 531 4 1,833 11 2,364 1,717 323 176
Cycloxydim 62 1 446 3 508 173 2,274 436
Diquat 0 0 1,183 7 1,183 355 39,290 13,161
Flufenacet/metribuzin 1,323 11 1,752 11 3,075 2,856 3,621 3,524
Glyphosate 398 3 282 2 680 477 3,129 2,000
Metobromuron 4,540 38 7,136 44 11,676 12,697 7,559 7,876
Metribuzin 8,768 73 13,003 80 21,771 9,554 19,655 9,638
Pendimethalin 0 0 1,097 7 1,097 1,097 702 730
Propaquizafop 190 2 0 0 190 10 391 31
Prosulfocarb 806 7 2,304 14 3,110 7,288 793 2,421
Pyraflufen-ethyl 11,277 72 18,456 78 29,733 440 6,687 104
Rimsulfuron 283 2 3,190 20 3,472 37 3,866 44
All herbicides/desiccants 43,893 100 68,055 99 111,948 40,830 113,567 43,202

Cont…

Table 13 Potato herbicide/desiccant and growth regulator formulations – 2020 continued, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Growth regulators Seed potatoes Ware potatoes Total 2020 Total 2020 2018(1) 2018(1)
ha % ha % ha kg ha kg
Maleic hydrazide 0 0 1,277 8 1,277 3,830 323 775
All growth regulators 0 0 1,277 8 1,277 3,830 323 775
Area grown 12,003 16,294 28,298 27,359

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(3)

Table 14 Legume seed treatment formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Seed treatments Legumes 2020 Legumes 2020 2018(1) 2018(1)
ha % kg ha kg
Unspecified Seed Treatment(2) 197 8 N/A 0 0
All seed treatments 197 8 N/A 0 0
No Seed Treatment 2,269 92 N/A 2,268 N/A
Area grown 2,466 2,549

(1) No formulations were recorded in 2018, please refer to the 2018 report(3)

(2) Refer to Appendix 3 for definitions

Please note: 92 per cent of legumes in 2020 had no seed treatment, the seed treatment information for the remaining 8 per cent was unspecified. Legumes includes field beans and dry harvest peas.

N/A = not applicable

Table 15 Legume insecticide formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Insecticides
Legumes 2020 		Legumes 2020 2018(1) 2018(1)
ha % kg ha kg
Esfenvalerate 91 4 <0.5 0 0
Lambda-cyhalothrin 85 3 <0.5 549 4
All insecticides 175 7 1 626 5
Area grown 2,466 2,549

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(1)

Note: legumes includes field beans and dry harvest peas.

No molluscicides were recorded on legumes.

Table 16 Legume fungicide formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Fungicides Legumes 2020 Legumes 2020 2018(1) 2018(1)
ha % kg ha kg
Azoxystrobin 772 31 123 524 58
Boscalid/pyraclostrobin 277 11 66 0 0
Chlorothalonil/cyproconazole 91 4 55 1,205 567
Metconazole 570 23 31 0 0
Tebuconazole 91 4 13 0 0
All fungicides 1,800 46 289 1,807 674
Area grown 2,466 2,549

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(1)

Note: legumes includes field beans and dry harvest peas

Table 17 Legume herbicide/desiccant formulations - 2020, Area (ha), weight (kg) and percentage of crop treated
Herbicides/desiccants Legumes 2020 Legumes 2020 2018(1) 2018(1)
ha % kg ha kg
Bentazone 242 10 244 0 0
Carfentrazone-ethyl 209 8 13 0 0
Clomazone 663 27 38 916 58
Clomazone/pendimethalin 617 25 630 78 85
Cycloxydim 140 6 41 116 23
Glyphosate 1,360 55 1,562 1,304 1,596
Imazamox/pendimethalin 1,250 51 1,057 1,412 1,483
Pendimethalin 563 23 393 339 339
Propaquizafop 163 7 10 159 11
Quizalofop-p-ethyl 112 5 6 0 0
All herbicides/desiccants 5,319 89 3,993 4,976 3,745
Area grown 2,466 2,549

(1) For full list of formulations recorded in 2018 please refer to the 2018 report(1)

Note: legumes includes field beans and dry harvest peas

Table 18 Compounds encountered in the arable survey for the first time in 2020
Active substance Type(1) Area treated (ha) Amount used (kg)
Aclonifen H 2,473 2,589
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain MBI600 S 7,783 N/A
Mefentrifluconazole F 49,782 3,798
Penflufen S 3,916 292
Spirotetramat I 1,298 76

(1) Pesticide type = F: Fungicide, H: Herbicide, I: Insecticide and S: Seed Treatment

N/A = not applicable

Table 19 Mode of action/chemical group of insecticide/nematicide active substances on all arable crops - 2020, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active Substance Chemical Group IRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor Oxamyl Carbamate 1A 2,532 4,524
Fosthiazate Organophosphorus 1B 744 1,873
All acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors 3,276 6,397
Sodium channel modulators Alpha-cypermethrin Pyrethroid 3A 324 3
Deltamethrin Pyrethroid 3A 3,264 20
Esfenvalerate Pyrethroid 3A 40,976 193
Lambda-cyhalothrin Pyrethroid 3A 115,790 692
Tau-fluvalinate Pyrethroid 3A 11,293 473
All sodium channel modulators 171,647 1,381
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators Acetamiprid Neonicotinoid 4A 8,689 408
Thiacloprid Neonicotinoid 4A 14,054 1,282
All nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators 22,743 1,690
Other mode of action
Voltage-dependent sodium channel blocker Indoxacarb Oxadiazines 22A 503 12
Inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase Spirotetramat Tetramic acid 23 1,298 76

Cont…

Table 19 Mode of action/chemical group of insecticide/nematicide active substances on all arable crops – 2020 continued, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active Substance Chemical Group IRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Chordontonal organ modulators - undefined target site Flonicamid Pyridine compound 29 8,033 634
All other modes of action 9,834 722
All insecticides 207,500 10,190
Area grown 496,000

Note: Active substances have been grouped by their mode of action. Full details on mode of action classification can be found on the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) webpage(9)

Table 20 Mode of action/chemical group of fungicide active substances on all arable crops - 2020, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active Substance Group Name Chemical Group FRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Cytoskeleton and motor proteins Thiophanate-methyl Methyl benzimidazole carbamates Thiophanate 1 488 147
Zoxamide Benzamides Toluamides 22 7,565 1,024
Fluopicolide Benzamide Pyridinylmethyl-benzamide 43 21,309 2,097
Metrafenone Aryl-phenyl-ketones Benzophenone 50 8,360 627
All cytoskeleton and motor proteins 37,722 3,896
Respiration Benzovindiflupyr SDHI Pyrazole-4-carboxamides 7 20,157 955
Bixafen SDHI Pyrazole-4-carboxamides 7 147,361 5,855
Boscalid SDHI Pyrazole-carboxamides 7 55,399 10,034
Fluopyram SDHI Pyridinyl-ethyl-benzamides 7 14,231 1,253
Fluxapyroxad SDHI Pyrazole-4-carboxamides 7 149,659 6,580
Isopyrazam SDHI Pyrazole-4-carboxamides 7 23,149 1,846
Penthiopyrad SDHI Pyrazole-4-carboxamides 7 3,968 460
Azoxystrobin Qo inhibitors Methoxy-acrylates 11 39,627 5,844
Dimoxystrobin Qo inhibitors Oxazolidine-diones 11 2,886 216
Fluoxastrobin Qo inhibitors Dihydro-dioxazines 11 93,034 3,793

Cont…

Table 20 Mode of action/chemical group of fungicide active substances on all arable crops – 2020 continued, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active Substance Group Name Chemical Group FRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Respiration Kresoxim-methyl Qo inhibitors Oximino-acetates 11 1,246 60
Pyraclostrobin Qo inhibitors Methoxy-carbamates 11 61,368 5,367
Trifloxystrobin Qo inhibitors Oximino-acetates 11 188,945 8,456
Amisulbrom Qi inhibitor Sulfamoyl-triazole 21 21,372 1,832
Cyazofamid Qi inhibitor Cyano-imidazole 21 65,128 5,173
Fluazinam Phenylpyridinamine 2,6-dinitro-anilines 29 10,603 3,046
Ametoctradin Qo inhibitor, stigmatellin binding type Triazolo-pyrimidylamine 45 17,060 4,041
All respiration 915,192 64,810
Amino acids and protein synthesis Cyprodinil Anilino - pyrimidines Anilino - pyrimidines 9 29,489 5,999
Signal transduction Proquinazid Aza-naphthalenes Quinazolinone 13 22,968 562
Lipid synthesis and membrane integrity Propamocarb hydrochloride Carbamate Carbamate 28 32,586 31,679
Oxathiapiprolin OSBPI oxysterol binding protein homologue inhibition Piperidinyl-thiazole-isoxazolines 49 20,004 252
All lipid synthesis and membrane integrity 105,047 38,492

Cont…

Table 20 Mode of action/chemical group of fungicide active substances on all arable crops – 2020 continued, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active Substance Group Name Chemical Group FRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Sterol biosynthesis in membranes Bromuconazole DeMethylation inhibitor Triazoles 3 7,125 1,067
Cyproconazole DeMethylation inhibitor Triazoles 3 14,813 663
Difenoconazole DeMethylation inhibitor Triazoles 3 334 29
Epoxiconazole DeMethylation inhibitor Triazoles 3 136,789 8,412
Mefentrifluconazole DeMethylation inhibitor Triazoles 3 49,782 3,798
Metconazole DeMethylation inhibitor Triazoles 3 30,584 1,057
Prochloraz DeMethylation inhibitor Imidazoles 3 18,901 4,113
Prothioconazole DeMethylation inhibitor Triazolinthiones 3 649,780 55,142
Tebuconazole DeMethylation inhibitor Triazoles 3 253,503 20,554
Fenpropidin Morpholines Piperidines 5 159 3

Cont…

Table 20 Mode of action/chemical group of fungicide active substances on all arable crops – 2020 continued, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active Substance Group Name Chemical Group FRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Sterol biosynthesis in membranes Fenpropimorph Morpholines Morpholines 5 22,557 4,046
Spiroxamine Morpholines Spiroketal-amines 5 124,811 21,711
All sterol biosynthesis in membranes 1,309,138 120,595
Cell wall biosynthesis Benthiavalicarb Carboxylic acid amides Valinamide carbamate 40 18,815 661
Benthiavalicarb isopropyl Carboxylic acid amides Valinamide carbamate 40 13,330 373
Dimethomorph Carboxylic acid amides Cinnamic acid amides 40 36,280 6,287
Mandipropamid Carboxylic acid amides Mandelic acid amides 40 33,393 4,951
All cell wall biosynthesis 101,817 12,271
Unknown mode of action Cyflufenamid Phenyl-acetamide Phenyl-acetamide U06 34,845 292
Cymoxanil Cyanoacetamide-oxime Cyanoacetamide-oxime 27 144,746 14,063
All unknown mode of action 179,591 14,354

Cont…

Table 20 Mode of action/chemical group of fungicide active substances on all arable crops – 2020 continued, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active Substance Group Name Chemical Group FRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Chemicals with multi-site activity Mancozeb Dithio-carbamate Dithio-carbamate M03 147,177 177,335
Chlorothalonil Chloronitrile Chloronitrile M05 197,153 102,278
Folpet Phthalimide Phthalimide M04 238,529 111,963
Copper oxychloride Inorganic Inorganic NC 2,274 412
All chemicals with multi-site activity 585,133 391,987
All fungicides 3,286,098 652,967
Sulphur 9,188 38,423
Area grown 496,000

Note: Active substances have been grouped by their mode of action. Full details on mode of action classification can be found on the Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC) webpage(10)

Table 21 Mode of action/chemical group of herbicide/desiccant active substances on all arable crops – 2020, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active substance Chemical Group HRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase Clodinafop-propargyl Aryloxyphenoxy-propionates (FOPs) 1 8,150 203
Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl Aryloxyphenoxy-propionates (FOPs) 1 11,930 665
Fluazifop-p-butyl Aryloxyphenoxy-propionates (FOPs) 1 1,785 154
Propaquizafop Aryloxyphenoxy-propionates (FOPs) 1 9,242 517
Quizalofop-p-ethyl Aryloxyphenoxy-propionates (FOPs) 1 8,357 292
Quizalofop-p-tefuryl Aryloxyphenoxy-propionates (FOPs) 1 3,714 95
Clethodim Cyclohexanediones (DIMs) 1 444 34
Cycloxydim Cyclohexanediones (DIMs) 1 648 214
Pinoxaden Phenylpyrazoline 1 38,865 1,127
All Inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase 83,135 3,300
Inhibition of EPSP synthase Glyphosate Glycine 9 185,281 159,509
All inhibition of EPSP synthase 185,281 159,509

Cont…

Table 21 Mode of action/chemical group of herbicide/desiccant active substances on all arable crops – 2020 continued, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active substance Chemical Group HRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II (- histidine 215 binders) Bentazone Benzothiadiazinone 6 242 244
Bromoxynil Nitriles 6 2,034 372
Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II (- serine 264 binders) Chlorotoluron Ureas 5 16,943 8,014
Metobromuron Ureas 5 11,676 12,697
Metribuzin Triazinones 5 24,846 10,759
All inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II 55,741 32,085
Inhibition of VLCFAs Dimethenamid-p α-chloroacetamides 15 3,313 1,135
Metazachlor α-chloroacetamides 15 23,145 15,515
Flufenacet α-oxyacetamides 15 108,363 15,746
Prosulfocarb Thiocarbamates 15 14,128 20,506
Tri-allate Thiocarbamates 15 484 481
All inhibition of VLCFAs 149,434 53,382
Inhibition of microtubule assembly Pendimethalin Dinitroanilines 3 101,839 79,943
Propyzamide Benzamides 3 12,826 8,766
All inhibition of microtubule assembly 114,665 88,709

Cont…

Table 21 Mode of action/chemical group of herbicide/desiccant active substances on all arable crops – 2020 continued, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active substance Chemical Group HRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Photosystem-i-electron diversion Diquat Pyridiniums 22 1,183 355
All photosystem-i-electron diversion 1,183 355
Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase Bifenox Diphenyl ethers 14 673 323
Carfentrazone-ethyl N-phenyl-triazolinones 14 28,222 1,406
Flumioxazine N-phenyl-imides 14 220 7
Pyraflufen-ethyl Phenylpyrazoles 14 29,733 440
All inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase 58,849 2,176
Inhibition of acetolactate synthase Imazamox Imidazolinones 2 2,249 100
Amidosulfuron Sulfonylureas 2 4,852 99
Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium Sulfonylureas 2 24,761 50
Mesosulfuron-methyl Sulfonylureas 2 21,427 179
Metsulfuron-methyl Sulfonylureas 2 196,954 642
Rimsulfuron Sulfonylureas 2 3,472 37
Sulfosulfuron Sulfonylureas 2 108 2
Thifensulfuron-methyl Sulfonylureas 2 202,049 4,214
Tribenuron-methyl Sulfonylureas 2 145,426 1,179

Cont…

Table 21 Mode of action/chemical group of herbicide/desiccant active substances on all arable crops – 2020 continued, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active substance Chemical Group HRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Inhibition of acetolactate synthase Florasulam Triazolopyrimidine - type 1 2 92,626 278
Propoxycarbazone-sodium Triazolinones 2 567 11
Pyroxsulam Triazolopyrimidine - type 2 2 5,418 101
All inhibition of acetolactate synthase ALS 699,910 6,892
Auxin mimics Dicamba Benzoates 4 28,472 1,672
2,4-D Phenoxy-carboxylates 4 2,596 2,262
2,4-DB Phenoxy-carboxylates 4 3,657 4,042
Aminopyralid Pyridine-carboxylates 4 2,939 25
Clopyralid Pyridine-carboxylates 4 13,619 968
Dichlorprop-p Phenoxy-carboxylates 4 2,620 948
Fluroxypyr Pyridyloxy-carboxylates 4 199,866 20,145
Halauxifen-methyl Pyridine-carboxylates 4 108,318 425
MCPA Phenoxy-carboxylates 4 12,496 7,850
Mecoprop-p Phenoxy-carboxylates 4 107,010 59,995
Picloram Phenoxy-carboxylates 4 3,088 52
Quinmerac Quinoline-carboxylates 4 6,267 1,417
All auxin mimics 490,948 99,800

Cont…

Table 21 Mode of action/chemical group of herbicide/desiccant active substances on all arable crops – 2020 continued, Area (ha) and weight (kg) of active substances for all crops
Mode of Action Active substance Chemical Group HRAC Group Total Arable 2020 Total Arable 2020
ha kg
Inhibition of deoxy-d-xyulose phosphate synthase Clomazone Isoxazolidinone 13 18,642 1,157
All inhibition of deoxy-d-xyulose phosphate synthase 18,642 1,157
Inhibition of phytoene desaturase Diflufenican Phenyl ethers 12 154,902 9,015
Flurtamone Diphenyl heterocycles 12 597 36
Picolinafen Phenyl ethers 12 74,220 2,351
All inhibition of phytoene desaturase 229,720 11,402
Inhibition of solanesyl diphosphate synthase Aclonifen Diphenyl ether 32 2,473 2,589
All inhibition of solanesyl diphosphate synthase 2,473 2,589
All herbicides 2,089,980 461,356
Area grown 496,000

Note: Active substances have been grouped by their mode of action. Full details on mode of action classification and details of the 2020 MOA revision can be found on the Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) webpage(11)

Table 22 Principal active substances by area treated, Area treated (1000 ha) with the 50 most used active substances, including seed treatments, on all crops surveyed
Active substance Type(1) 2020 2018 % change
1 Prothioconazole S/F 873 677 29
2 Tebuconazole S/F 454 381 19
3 Folpet F 239 22 993
4 Chlormequat G 228 201 13
5 Thifensulfuron-methyl H 202 169 20
6 Fluroxypyr H 200 163 22
7 Chlorothalonil F 197 551 -64
8 Metsulfuron-methyl H 197 178 11
9 Trifloxystrobin F 189 149 27
10 Glyphosate H 185 166 11
11 Trinexapac-ethyl G 181 148 22
12 Diflufenican H 155 155 0
13 Fluxapyroxad F 150 169 -12
14 Bixafen F 147 85 73
15 Mancozeb F 147 94 56
16 Tribenuron-methyl H 145 121 20
17 Cymoxanil F 145 90 61
18 Epoxiconazole F 137 276 -50
19 Spiroxamine F 125 73 72
20 Lambda-cyhalothrin I 116 118 -2
21 Flufenacet H 108 87 25
22 Halauxifen-methyl H 108 84 29
23 Mecoprop-p H 107 126 -15
24 Metconazole F/G 106 26 305
25 Pendimethalin H 102 130 -22
26 Fludioxonil S 95 72 32
27 Fluoxastrobin F 93 81 16
28 Florasulam H 93 87 7
29 Picolinafen H 74 87 -15
30 Ferric phosphate M 68 26 163
31 Cyazofamid F 65 55 19
32 Pyraclostrobin F 61 70 -12
33 Prohexadione-calcium G 61 62 -2
34 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid G 59 58 2
35 Boscalid F 55 59 -7
36 Mepiquat chloride G 51 57 -11
37 Mefentrifluconazole F 50 0 N/A
38 Imazalil S 50 105 -53
39 Ipconazole S 47 102 -54
40 Esfenvalerate I 41 31 31
41 Azoxystrobin F 40 33 18
42 Pinoxaden H 39 48 -19
43 Dimethomorph F 36 43 -16
44 Cyflufenamid F 35 49 -29
45 Mandipropamid F 33 33 2
46 Propamocarb hydrochloride F 33 21 56
47 Pyraflufen-ethyl H 30 7 345
48 Cyprodinil F 29 35 -16
49 Dicamba H 28 40 -28
50 Carfentrazone-ethyl H 28 21 34

(1) Pesticide type = F: Fungicide, G: Growth regulator, H: Herbicide, I: Insecticide, M: Molluscicide, S: Seed treatment. N/A = not applicable.

Table 23 Principal active substances by weight, Quantity (tonnes) of the 50 most used active substances, including seed treatments, on all crops surveyed
Active substance Type(1) 2020 2018 % change
1 Mancozeb F 177 113 58
2 Chlormequat G 165 164 1
3 Glyphosate H 160 135 18
4 Folpet F 112 10 1,039
5 Chlorothalonil F 102 265 -61
6 Pendimethalin H 80 97 -18
7 Mecoprop-p H 60 68 -12
8 Prothioconazole F/S 59 47 26
9 Sulphur F 38 3 1,344
10 Propamocarb hydrochloride F 32 19 69
11 Spiroxamine F 22 13 66
12 Tebuconazole F/S 21 22 -5
13 Prosulfocarb H 21 8 161
14 Fluroxypyr H 20 17 18
15 Flufenacet H 16 13 24
16 Metazachlor H 16 19 -16
17 Cymoxanil F 14 8 77
18 Metobromuron H 13 8 61
19 Metribuzin H 11 11 -3
20 Boscalid F 10 12 -13
21 Diflufenican H 9 9 3
22 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid G 9 10 -15
23 Propyzamide H 9 5 82
24 Trifloxystrobin F 8 6 34
25 Epoxiconazole F 8 17 -52
26 Ferric phosphate M 8 3 135
27 Mepiquat chloride G 8 7 9
28 Chlorotoluron H 8 6 43
29 MCPA H 8 6 27
30 Fluxapyroxad F 7 8 -20
31 Dimethomorph F 6 8 -17
32 Cyprodinil F 6 6 0
33 Trinexapac-ethyl G 6 5 13
34 Bixafen F 6 4 54
35 Azoxystrobin F 6 5 15
36 Pyraclostrobin F 5 5 3
37 Cyazofamid F 5 4 18
38 Mandipropamid F 5 5 4
39 Oxamyl I 5 5 -10
40 Thifensulfuron-methyl H 4 4 12
41 Prochloraz F 4 8 -48
42 Fenpropimorph F 4 23 -82
43 2,4-DB H 4 6 -31
44 Ametoctradin F 4 5 -18
45 Flutolanil S 4 2 77
46 Maleic hydrazide G 4 1 394
47 Mefentrifluconazole F 4 0 N/A
48 Fluoxastrobin F 4 3 25
49 Fluazinam F 3 5 -33
50 Aclonifen H 3 0 N/A

(1) Pesticide type = F: Fungicide, G: Growth regulator, H: Herbicide, I: Insecticide, M: Molluscicide, S: Seed treatment. N/A = not applicable.

Table 24 Total arable crop, comparison with previous years, Pesticide usage in 2016, 2018 and 2020, area treated with formulations and active substances (a.s) and the weight (kg) applied, 2016 2018 2020
Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight
ha ha kg ha ha kg ha ha kg
Insecticides/nematicides 198,964 198,964 12,428 202,792 202,792 8,616 199,483 207,500 10,190
Molluscicides 68,645 68,645 7,843 75,033 75,033 8,716 88,431 84,493 9,223
Fungicides 2,239,796 3,550,384 660,809 2,128,624 3,273,378 636,729 2,128,892 3,233,754 646,406
Sulphur 11,879 11,879 37,467 1,562 1,562 2,662 9,188 9,188 38,423
Herbicides/desiccants 1,383,643 1,997,906 533,728 1,349,368 1,983,129 448,425 1,407,866 2,089,980 461,356
Growth regulators 497,456 596,763 212,489 454,237 548,541 190,656 507,946 590,582 194,429
Seed treatments 451,389 926,172 25,150 420,451 747,314 15,997 451,037 720,003 12,072
All pesticides 4,851,771 7,350,712 1,489,914 4,632,066 6,831,748 1,311,801 4,792,843 6,935,500 1,372,098
Total area grown (ha) 494,167 489,309 496,631

Note: Unspecified treatments have been included in the formulation and active substance areas, however as their weights are unknown, they cannot be included in the quantities applied. Total arable crop includes cereals, oilseed rape, potatoes and legumes. It should be noted that there may be minor differences in the range of crops surveyed between years.

Table 25 Cereals, comparison with previous years, Pesticide usage in 2016, 2018 and 2020, area treated with formulations and active substances (a.s) and the weight (kg) applied, 2016 2018 2020
Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight
ha ha kg ha ha kg ha ha kg
Insecticides 75,473 75,473 1,447 78,127 78,127 385 63,269 63,269 291
Molluscicides 18,520 18,520 2,436 29,439 29,439 3,322 22,608 22,608 2,141
Fungicides 1,762,377 2,879,227 463,707 1,710,838 2,659,346 450,428 1,619,439 2,496,062 390,727
Sulphur 8,412 8,412 22,980 1,339 1,339 2,261 9,135 9,135 38,254
Herbicides/desiccants 1,163,254 1,759,278 421,484 1,130,538 1,739,063 336,584 1,190,313 1,850,821 357,315
Growth regulators 488,976 582,317 204,053 448,775 537,939 188,943 501,530 580,099 189,739
Seed treatments 399,608 845,878 13,815 365,829 666,313 8,435 402,746 671,712 7,091
All pesticides 3,916,621 6,169,106 1,129,922 3,764,885 5,711,567 990,358 3,809,039 5,693,705 985,558
Area grown (ha) 432,077 425,674 434,443

Note: Unspecified treatments have been included in the formulation and active substance areas, however as their weights are unknown, they cannot be included in the quantities applied. Cereals crops include winter barley, spring barley, winter wheat, spring wheat, winter oats, spring oats and winter rye. It should be noted that there may be minor differences in the range of crops surveyed between years.

Table 26 Potatoes comparison with previous years, Pesticide usage in 2016, 2018 and 2020, area treated with formulations and active substances (a.s.) and the weight (kg) applied, 2016 2018 2020
Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight
ha ha kg ha ha kg ha ha kg
Insecticides/nematicides 78,719 78,719 10,166 90,685 90,685 7,675 102,686 102,686 9,097
Molluscicides 33,432 33,432 3,506 21,676 21,676 2,955 41,906 41,906 4,945
Fungicides 370,696 506,007 175,215 306,927 441,298 166,694 398,601 578,939 240,046
Sulphur 265 265 424 0 0 0 0 0 0
Herbicides/desiccants 121,927 124,952 49,369 113,567 117,357 43,202 111,948 117,387 40,830
Growth regulators 2,515 2,515 7,338 323 323 775 1,277 1,277 3,830
Seed treatments 24,828 27,973 11,014 25,048 25,048 7,239 25,150 25,150 4,888
All pesticides 632,381 773,863 257,032 558,227 696,387 228,539 681,568 867,346 303,635
Area grown (ha) 27,526 27,359 28,298

Note: Unspecified treatments have been included in the formulation and active substance areas, however as their weights are unknown, they cannot be included in the quantities applied. Potatoes include seed potatoes and ware potatoes.

Table 27 Oilseed rape, comparison with previous years, Pesticide usage in 2016, 2018 and 2020, area treated with formulations and active substances (a.s) and the weight (kg) applied, 2016 2018 2020
Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight Formulations a.s. Weight
ha ha kg ha ha kg ha ha kg
Insecticides 43,782 43,782 805 33,353 33,353 551 41,369 41,369 801
Molluscicides 16,234 16,234 1,846 23,917 23,917 2,439 19,980 19,980 2,138
Fungicides 100,681 154,974 19,361 109,052 169,723 18,933 99,321 156,585 15,344
Sulphur 2,973 2,973 12,995 223 223 401 53 53 169
Herbicides/desiccants 90,409 104,526 56,768 100,286 120,243 64,895 97,013 115,057 59,219
Growth regulators 5,965 11,931 1,098 5,139 10,279 938 4,603 9,206 859
Seed treatments 26,789 52,157 298 29,574 55,953 323 22,944 22,944 93
All pesticides 286,833 386,577 93,171 301,544 413,690 88,480 285,283 365,194 78,623
Area planted (ha) 30,142 32,735 30,793

Note: Unspecified treatments have been included in the formulation and active substance areas, however as their weights are unknown, they cannot be included in the quantities applied. Oilseed rape includes winter oilseed rape and spring oilseed rape. It should be noted that there may be minor differences in the range of crops surveyed between years.

Contact

Email: psu@sasa.gov.scot

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