Draft Energy Strategy and Just Transition Plan
We are consulting on this draft route map of actions we will take to deliver a flourishing net zero energy system that supplies affordable, resilient and clean energy to Scotland’s workers, households, communities and businesses.
Footnotes
1. Calculations based on 10 GW offshore and 10 GW onshore operating at load factors of 51% and 37% (taken from BEIS Electricity Generation Cost Report 2020) to produce 77TWh of electricity. Assumes a home consumes 3,880kWh/year and an EV consumes 2,345kWh/year (sources: Energy Consumption in the UK, and EV Database)
2. Calculations based on 10 GW offshore and 10 GW onshore operating at load factors of 51% and 37% (taken from BEIS Electricity Generation Cost Report 2020) to produce 77TWh of electricity. Assumes a home consumes 3,880kWh/year and an EV consumes 2,345kWh/year (sources: Energy Consumption in the UK, and EV Database)
3. For example, £92.50 per megawatt hour for Hinkley C compared to £37.65 per megawatt hour for offshore wind
4. From 2018 levels
5. Community benefits from onshore renewable energy developments
6. Letter: Climate Compatibility of New Oil and Gas Fields - Climate Change Committee
7. Making the Future - Second Just Transition Commission: initial report
8. Up to date energy statistics can be found on Scotland's Energy Statistics Hub
9. Loss relates to electrical energy lost through the transmission and distribution networks
10. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub
11. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub
12. Innovation and Targeted Oil & Gas (INTOG) is a leasing round for offshore wind projects that will directly reduce emissions from oil & gas production and boost further innovation
13. This is 38 GW of potential pipeline coming from ScotWind and INTOG plus 3.8 GW that is in the pipeline recorded in the Renewable Energy Power Database (REPD)
14. Calculations based on 40 GW new offshore wind capacity operating at 51% load factors, powering homes with consumption averaging 3,880 kWh/year. Figures taken from: BEIS Electricity Generation Costs (2020) - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk);
15. https://www.climatexchange.org.uk/research/projects/scottish-whole-energy-system-scenarios/
16. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub
18. Alternatives to natural gas such as heating oil, LPG, coal and biomass (wood pellets)
19. Default Tariff Cap | Ofgem
20. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
21. Analysis: Record-low price for UK offshore wind is nine times cheaper than gas - Carbon Brief
22. Analysis: Record-low price for UK offshore wind is nine times cheaper than gas - Carbon Brief
23. UK NBP Natural Gas Futures | ICE (theice.com)
25. Consumer Spotlight: Energy Affordability Tracker 1 November 2022 | Consumer Scotland
26. Based on scenario modelling by Scottish Government, with the October 2022 price cap of £2,500 for an average household, we estimate there will now be 860,000 (35%) households in fuel poverty and 600,000 (24%) in extreme fuel poverty. Raising the price cap to an average £2,500 instead of freezing it at its previous level of £1,971 means an additional 110,000 Scottish households will be in fuel poverty, and around 150,000 more in extreme fuel poverty.
27. Alternatives to natural gas such as heating oil, LPG, coal and biomass (wood pellets).
28. Local Energy Scotland programme CARES - Energy Saving Trust
29. Inhabited islands analytical report | Scotland's Census (scotlandscensus.gov.uk)
30. https://localenergy.scot/community-benefits-map/
31. Community and locally owned energy in Scotland: 2021 report - Energy Saving Trust
32. CHP provide both heat and electricity and the ratio will depend on the characteristics of each individual site. The precise split of heat and electricity isn't known, and therefore equivalents have not been provided for this proportion of total community energy
33. Community and locally owned energy in Scotland: 2021 report - Energy Saving Trust
34. Goal 7: Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform (un.org)
35. International Energy Agency – The Vaultz News
36. Access to electricity – SDG7: Data and Projections – Analysis - IEA
37. https://trackingsdg7.esmap.org/
38. UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
39. Infrastructure in the UK, investment and net stocks - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk) . Energy infrastructure relates to activities falling into SIC 35 (Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Supply)
40. https://oeuk.org.uk/product/economic-report-2022/
42. Low carbon and renewable energy economy, UK - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk)
43. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
Scottish Annual Business Statistics 2019 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
44. Community benefits from onshore renewable energy developments - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
45. Scottish whole energy system scenarios (climatexchange.org.uk) This projection relates to the TEC scenario
47. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub - Pipeline renewable capacity by planning stage Scotland, 2022 Q2 - Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
48. Marine Scotland – Marine Projects | Marine Scotland Information
49. Crown Estate Scotland, "INTOG Offshore Market Review" https://www.crownestatescotland.com/resources/documents/intog-offshore-market-review
50. Crown Estate Scotland, "ScotWind Awards with Project Partners November 2022" https://www.crownestatescotland.com/resources/documents/scotwind-awards-with-project-partners-november-2022
51. This is 38 GW of potential pipeline (27.6 GW coming from ScotWind, 4.2 GW with lease options and 6.2 GW from INTOG) plus 3.8 GW that is in the pipeline recorded in the Renewable Energy Power Database (REPD)
52. British Energy Security Strategy - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)
53. Sixth Carbon Budget - Climate Change Committee (theccc.org.uk)
54. The ScotWind lease round: Analysis of ownership and potential job creation in offshore wind – Transition Economics
55. have significantly decreased since the introduction of the first CfD in 2015. Since then, costs have fallen by 70% (from £114/MWh to £37/MWh)
56. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
58. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
59. Hydrogen Action Plan
60. Scottish Government – Scottish hydrogen: assessment report (2020) Scottish hydrogen: assessment report - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
61. Contract for Difference – Allocation Round 4 – link to be inserted to reference this
62. Based on an average cost of £3,500 per house spent on energy efficiency measures – Source: Climate Change Committee
63. Source: EY, NSTA. The chart includes estimates that illustrate how cumulative NSTA reserves could apply as a production trajectory. These have been developed to provide comparable production pathways that align with the EY forecast.
64. Ernst and Young analysis, North Sea Transition Authority. The chart includes estimates that illustrate the how cumulative NSTA reserves could apply as a production trajectory
65. While efforts have been made to align the historical and forecast data, there remains a slight degree of inconsistency because of differing measurement methodologies. These are minor, however, and do not affect the overall trends.
66. Scottish North Sea as defined per The Scottish Adjacent Waters Boundaries Order (1999).
67. Of the total 81% exported, 75% of oil is sent to the rest of the world and 89% of gas is sent to the rest of the UK.
68. 89,000 if "induced" jobs i.e. those created as a result of those working directly in the industry spending their income on goods and services is included. We are using direct + indirect as easier to compare technologies.
69. RGU Making the Switch: The Future Shape of the Offshore Energy Workforce in the North East of Scotland – May 2022 (link)
70. PWC Green Jobs Barometer 2022
71. Ageing oil and gas workforce presents net zero challenge - ECITB
72. OEUK Decommissioning Insights 2019
73. https://www.offshoreenergypeopleandskills.co.uk/
74. The North Sea Transition Deal is a sector deal between the UK Government and the offshore oil and gas industry. The deal included a voluntary commitment to achieve 50% UK content across the lifecycle of all related energy transition projects by 2030, as well as in oil and gas decommissioning.
75. Source: Stanford University Paper. Author. Masnadi, Mohammad S, El-Houjieri, Hassan M, Schunack, Dominik, Li, Yunpo, Englander, Jacob G, Badahdah, Alhassan et all. Global Carbon intensity of crude oil production. United States. 2018.
76. EY data shows that the largest share of Scotland's crude oil imports come from Nigeria, USA and Norway, with Nigeria and the USA having a higher carbon intensity than the UK and Norway a lower emissions intensity.
77. The Project – Scottish net zero roadmap (snzr.co.uk)
78. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
80. The Statutory Independent Undertakings (SIUs) are 5 remote independent gas networks; four in the mainland (Wick, Thurso, Oban and Campbeltown) and one on the Isle of Lewis (Stornoway)
81. Heat Networks (Scotland) Act 2021 (legislation.gov.uk)
82. Decarbonising heating - economic impact: report
83. Heat in buildings strategy: equality impact assessment
84. https://www.transport.gov.scot/our-approach/national-transport-strategy/
85. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
86. Zero Emission Energy for Transport Forecasts: National | Transport Scotland
87. Zero Emission Energy for Transport Forecasts: National | Transport Scotland
88. Informal document 08 Study on green and healthy jobs in transport.pdf (unece.org)
89. Smart charging is when the charger communicates with your car/other vehicle and the grid to work out when is the best time to charge. This can put less pressure on the grid and reduce the cost
91. RUGGEDISED - Smart city lighthouse project |GLASGOW
92. Scottish Greenhouse Gas Statistics 2020 - Scottish Greenhouse Gas Statistics 2020 - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
93. Deep decarbonisation pathways for Scottish industries: research report - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
94. IEA - Transforming Industry through CCUS
95. This view is supported by the IEA which recognises that CCUS is one of the most cost-effective solutions available for large scale emissions reductions.
96. Opportunities for CO2 Storage around Scotland —an integrated strategic research study / Progressing Scotland's CO2 Storage Opportunities
99. Industrial Carbon Capture Business Model April 2022 (publishing.service.gov.uk)
100. Dispatchable Power Agreement Business Model Summary (publishing.service.gov.uk)
101. SCCS - Opportunities for CO2 Storage around Scotland —an integrated strategic research study
104. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
105. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
106. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
107. Aurora Energy Research: Long Duration Electricity Storage in GB
108. Including hydro flow and pumped storage
109. Source:https://scotland.shinyapps.io/Energy/?Section=SystemSecurity&Chart=ElecStorage
110. Scottish Energy Statistics Hub (shinyapps.io)
111. Battery use in Scotland now and in the future
112. Due to the limited nature of the information gathered under the 2006 EU Batteries Directive and current Waste Batteries and Accumulators Regulations, which pre-date the growth in the battery market in recent years.
113. Global first for ScottishPower as COP countdown starts - ScottishPower Renewables
114. Keeping Scotland Running | Ready Scotland
115. https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications/storm-arwen-report
117. https://www.gov.scot/publications/vision-scotlands-electricity-gas-networks-2030/
118. Ofgem approval
119. download (nationalgrideso.com)
120. Access and Forward-Looking Charges Significant Code Review: Decision and Direction | Ofgem
121. Scottish energy statistics hub index - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
122. Building-level energy storage: reducing consumer bills to deliver zero-emissions heat: Changeworks, January 2022
123. Through the Contracts for Difference Scheme (installations >5MW) and the Smart Energy Guarantee (installations up to 5MW).
124. Non-domestic rates (also known as business rates) are taxes paid on non-domestic properties to help pay for local council services. Non-domestic rates are based on the rateable value of a property, which is determined by the independent Scottish Assessors.
125. Relief to renewable generators is estimated by the Scottish Fiscal Commission to be worth over £50 million to renewable energy operators between 1 April 2022 and 31 March 2028.
126. Community benefits are voluntary arrangements between renewable energy businesses and communities near to their renewable energy development.
127. Up to 100% relief is available for renewable generators where the scheme provides community benefit - giving at least 15% of annual profit to a community organisation or so much of the annual profit as is attributable to at least 0.5 megawatt of the total installed capacity of the project. The percentage of relief is lower where the rateable value is greater than £145,000.
128. Community benefits from onshore renewable energy developments - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
129. Public sector decarbonisation - Energy efficiency - gov.scot (www.gov.scot)
130. PDR refers to forms of development that are granted planning permission through national legislation, meaning they can be carried out without a planning application having to be submitted to – and approved by – the relevant planning authority.
131. The NPF4 is a new national spatial strategy that sets out how planning and development will help achieve a net zero, sustainable Scotland by 2045.
132. Under building regulations, a building warrant must be applied for before installing a solar array, except for installations on one or two storey houses where structural assessment confirms suitability.
Contact
Email: energystrategy@gov.scot
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