Scottish Study of Early Learning and Childcare: Three-year-olds (Phase 3) Report - Updated 2021

Appendix C: Supplementary tables

Table C1: ASQ gross motor domain Phase 3 by ASQ gross motor domain Phase 1

	Phase 1 ASQ gross motor domain
	Further assessment may be needed	Monitoring suggested	Child's development appears on schedule	All
Phase 3 ASQ gross motor domain	%	%	%	%
Further assessment may be needed	55	27	26	32
Monitoring suggested	22	18	20	20
Child's development appears on schedule	23	55	54	48
Unweighted base	77	62	214	353

Base: All children (with keyworker observations at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C2: ASQ fine motor domain Phase 3 by ASQ fine motor domain Phase 1

	Phase 1 ASQ fine motor domain
	Further assessment may be needed	Monitoring suggested	Child's development appears on schedule	All
Phase 3 ASQ fine motor domain	%	%	%	%
Further assessment may be needed	44	31	10	26
Monitoring suggested	20	25	21	22
Child's development appears on schedule	36	44	69	52
Unweighted base	90	117	147	354

Base: All children (with keyworker observations at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C3: ASQ problem solving domain Phase 3 by ASQ problem solving domain Phase 1

	Phase 1 ASQ problem solving domain
	Further assessment may be needed	Monitoring suggested	Child's development appears on schedule	All
Phase 3 ASQ problem solving domain	%	%	%	%
Further assessment may be needed	53	34	18	37
Monitoring suggested	10	20	7	11
Child's development appears on schedule	37	46	76	52
Unweighted base	147	79	119	345

Base: All children (with keyworker observations at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C4: ASQ personal-social domain Phase 3 by ASQ personal-social domain Phase 1

	Phase 1 ASQ personal-social domain
	Further assessment may be needed	Monitoring suggested	Child's development appears on schedule	All
Phase 3 ASQ personal-social domain	%	%	%	%
Further assessment may be needed	37	4	7	16
Monitoring suggested	16	17	7	12
Child's development appears on schedule	48	78	87	71
Unweighted base	122	93	149	364

Base: All children (with keyworker observations at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C5: ASQ communication domain Phase 1 and Phase 3 by ITERS score

	Low-Average ITERS (<5)		Good ITERS (5+)
	Phase 1	Phase 3	Phase 1	Phase 3
	%	%	%	%
Further assessment may be needed	39	33	28	24
Monitoring suggested	17	15	22	22
Child's development appears on schedule	44	51	49	54
Unweighted base	195	195	144	144

Base: All children (with keyworker observations at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C6: SDQ total difficulties score Phase 1 and Phase 3 by ITERS score

	Low-Average ITERS (<5)		Good ITERS (5+)
	Phase 1	Phase 3	Phase 1	Phase 3
	%	%	%	%
Close to average	38	58	48	56
Raised / high	62	42	52	44
Unweighted base	193	193	144	144

Base: All children (with keyworker observations at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C7: Child's health in general Phase 3 by child's health in general Phase 1

	Phase 1 child's health in general
	Very good	Good	Fair	All
Phase 3 child's health in general	%	%	%	%
Very good	73	38	24	58
Good	26	57	24	35
Fair / bad	1	6	52	7
Unweighted base	135	69	21	225

Base: All children (with parent/carer questionnaire at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C8: Long-term health condition Phase 3 by long-term health condition Phase 1

	Phase 1 long-term health condition or illness lasting or expected to last 12 months or more
	Yes	No	All
Phase 3 long-term health condition	%	%	%
Yes	67	7	14
No	33	93	86
Unweighted base	27	196	223

Base: All children (with parent/carer questionnaire at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C9: Parental concerns about how child talks Phase 3 by parental concerns about how child talks Phase 1

	Phase 1 parental concerns about how child talks in words or sentences
	No	A little	Yes	All
Phase 3 parental concerns about how child talks	%	%	%	%
No	90	49	21	75
A little	7	46	21	15
Yes	3	6	57	10
Unweighted base	162	35	28	225

Base: All children (with parent/carer questionnaire at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C10: Home learning environment: Frequency of looking at books or reading stories Phase 3 by frequency of looking at books or reading stories Phase 1

	Phase 1 number of days in last 7 on which looked at books or read stories at home
	0-2 days	3-4 days	5-6 days	7 days	All
Phase 3 number of days in last 7 on which looked at books or read stories at home	%	%	%	%
0-2 days	42	18	10	8	14
3-4 days	25	33	16	8	16
5-6 days	13	20	19	14	16
7 days	21	29	55	70	54
Unweighted base	24	45	31	118	218

Base: All respondents (with parent questionnaire at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C11: Home learning environment: Frequency of painting or drawing at home Phase 3 by frequency of painting or drawing at home Phase 1

	Phase 1 number of days in last 7 on which did activities involving painting or drawing at home
	0-2 days	3-4 days	5-6 days	7 days	All
Phase 3 number of days in last 7 on which did activities involving painting or drawing at home	%	%	%	%
0-2 days	44	13	17	11	22
3-4 days	37	37	39	21	33
5-6 days	12	30	15	15	19
7 days	7	21	29	53	26
Unweighted base	59	63	41	53	216

Base: All respondents (with parent questionnaire at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C12: Home learning environment: Frequency of reciting nursery rhymes or singing songs at home Phase 3 by frequency of reciting nursery rhymes or singing songs at home Phase 1

	Phase 1 number of days in last 7 on which recited nursery rhymes or sung songs at home
	0-2 days	3-4 days	5-6 days	7 days	All
Phase 3 number of days in last 7 on which recited nursery rhymes or sung songs at home	%	%	%	%
0-2 days	24	21	*	2	7
3-4 days	12	13	*	5	8
5-6 days	18	33	*	10	14
7 days	45	33	*	83	70
Unweighted base	33	24	15	143	215

Base: All respondents (with parent questionnaire at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C13: Home learning environment: Frequency of playing at recognising letters, words, numbers or shapes at home Phase 3 by frequency of playing at recognising letters, words, numbers or shapes at home Phase 1

	Phase 1 number of days in last 7 on which played at recognising letters, words, numbers or shapes at home
	0-2 days	3-4 days	5-6 days	7 days	All
Phase 3 number of days in last 7 on which played at recognising letters, words, numbers or shapes at home	%	%	%	%
0-2 days	28	19	15	6	16
3-4 days	25	28	15	12	19
5-6 days	18	22	42	12	20
7 days	28	31	27	71	46
Unweighted base	60	36	33	86	215

Base: All respondents (with parent questionnaire at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C14: How coping as a parent, Phase 1 and Phase 3

	Phase 1	Phase 3
As a parent/carer …	%	%
I always feel I am coping really well - things never get on top of me	8	8
Most of the time I feel I am coping pretty well	51	50
Sometimes I feel I am coping but sometimes things get on top of me	38	38
Most of the time I feel I am not coping very well	3	2
I feel I am not coping at all these days	-	1
Unweighted base	219	219

Base: All respondents (with parent questionnaire at both Phase 1 and Phase 3, unweighted)

Table C15: Proportion of children on schedule for ASQ gross motor, fine motor, problem solving and personal-social domains, by sex of child, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s, Phase 3

	Eligible 2s		Comparator 3s
	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls
	%	%	%	%
Gross motor domain	47	46	49	44
Fine motor domain	40	67	53	75
Problem solving domain	46	59	59	67
Personal-social domain	64	79	74	81
Unweighted base	187	183	408	396

Base: All children (keyworker observations, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C16: Proportion of children scoring close to average for the individual SDQ domains, by sex of child, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s, Phase 3

	Eligible 2s		Comparator 3s
	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls
	%	%	%	%
Emotional symptoms domain	80	73	80	79
Conduct problems domain	72	78	77	86
Hyperactivity domain	44	62	53	68
Peer problems domain	46	63	58	68
Prosocial behaviour domain	63	81	67	83
Unweighted base	188	183	405	396

Base: All children (keyworker observations, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C17: Whether child sleeps through the night, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s, Phase 3

	Eligible 2s	Comparator 3s
	%	%
Never sleeps right through the night	18	12
1-2 times a week	12	13
3-5 times a week	15	23
6 times a week	9	13
Every night	47	38
Unweighted base	268	563

Base: All children (parent questionnaire, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C18: Frequency of looking at books or reading stories at home, by area deprivation, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Scottish index of multiple deprivation quintiles
	Most deprived 20%	2nd	3rd	Least deprived 40%	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Eligible 2s
Not in last 7 days	3	-	-	3	2
1 to 3 days	28	12	15	10	20
4 to 6 days	22	22	29	28	24
7 days	46	66	56	59	54
Unweighted base	127	73	34	29	265
Comparator 3s
Not in last 7 days	-	1	-	-	0
1 to 3 days	19	18	10	12	14
4 to 6 days	41	28	24	14	24
7 days	40	53	66	74	62
Unweighted base	100	108	112	236	558

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C19: Whether would work more if could afford good quality childcare which was reliable, convenient and affordable, by equivalised income, Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Equivalised household income
	Lowest income quintile	2nd	Top 3 income quintiles	All
	%	%	%	%
Comparator 3s
Strongly agree	28	24	10	15
Agree	25	18	16	18
Neither agree nor disagree	36	36	28	30
Disagree	10	12	32	25
Strongly disagree	-	10	15	12
Unweighted base	44	75	270	419

Base: All respondents in employment (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C20: General health, by highest level of education, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Highest level of education
	None	Lower school (Standard grade or equivalent)	Upper school (Highers or equivalent)	Post-school pre-HE (HNC, HND, etc.)	Degree or equivalent	All
	%	%	%	%	%	%
Eligible 2s
Very good	19	24	17	27	26	24
Good	39	37	36	35	49	39
Fair	32	33	31	29	23	30
Bad	3	6	11	6	-	6
Very bad	6	-	6	2	2	2
Unweighted base	31	87	36	62	43	267
Comparator 3s
Very good	*	29	36	35	46	39
Good	*	42	40	47	44	44
Fair	*	20	16	17	8	14
Bad	*	9	8	1	1	3
Very bad	*	-	-	-	-	-
Unweighted base	14	79	72	130	263	564

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C21: General health, by household type, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Single parents	Couple parents	All
	%	%	%
Eligible 2s
Very good	20	29	24
Good	40	37	39
Fair	33	25	30
Bad	6	5	6
Very bad	1	4	2
Unweighted base	153	114	267
Comparator 3s
Very good	27	42	39
Good	43	44	44
Fair	22	12	14
Bad	8	2	3
Very bad	-	-	-
Unweighted base	89	474	564

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C22: How longstanding condition or illness affects parent, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Eligible 2s	Comparator 3s
	%	%
Vision	2	3
Hearing	6	4
Mobility	28	24
Learning, concentrating or remembering	28	16
Stamina or breathing difficulty	22	20
Mental health, social, emotional or behavioural issues	75	64
Other impairment(s)	12	24
Unweighted base	106	98

Base: All respondents with a long-term condition (parent survey, weighted)

*Note: respondents were able to choose more than one response. As such, percentages will not total 100%.

Table C23: Longstanding health condition, by equivalised income, Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Equivalised household income
	Lowest income quintile	2nd	Top 3 income quintiles	All
	%	%	%	%
Comparator 3s	37	23	13	20
Unweighted base	98	110	309	563

Base: All respondents in employment (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C24: Longstanding health condition, by highest level of education, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Highest level of education
	None	Lower school (Standard grade or equivalent)	Upper school (Highers or equivalent)	Post-school pre-HE (HNC, HND, etc.)	Degree or equivalent	All
	%	%	%	%	%	%
Eligible 2s	37	43	50	37	37	41
Unweighted base	30	87	36	59	43	264
Comparator 3s	*	35	29	19	12	20
Unweighted base	15	79	72	130	262	563

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C25: Longstanding health condition, by household type, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Single parents	Couple parents	All
	%	%	%
Eligible 2s	43	38	41
Unweighted base	150	114	264
Comparator 3s	29	18	20
Unweighted base	90	472	563

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C26: Proportion agreeing with activities done / perceived change in feelings because child is in nursery, by area deprivation ( SIMD), Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Scottish index of multiple deprivation quintiles
	Most deprived 20%	2nd	3rd	Least deprived 40%	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Eligible 2s
Have been feeling happier	55	46	53	47	51
Have been feeling less stressed	64	50	60	48	58
Had more time to oneself	75	76	57	63	72
Care for other family members	59	52	62	52	57
Study or improve work related skills	37	31	31	29	33
Increase the number of hours work	19	21	15	11	18
Work or look for work	45	49	48	43	47
Undertaken voluntary work	13	15	8	12	13
Think about what may do in the future	70	68	81	69	71
Unweighted base	123	69	31	29	253
Comparator 3s
Have been feeling happier	43	41	42	41	42
Have been feeling less stressed	37	45	44	41	42
Had more time to oneself	72	64	62	57	63
Care for other family members	42	28	33	38	35
Study or improve work related skills	17	35	40	36	33
Increase the number of hours work	15	33	27	30	27
Work or look for work	49	44	54	57	52
Undertaken voluntary work	5	10	11	9	9
Think about what may do in the future	66	61	56	52	57
Unweighted base	98	105	110	226	564

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C27: Proportion agreeing with activities done / perceived change in feelings because child is in nursery, by highest level of education, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Highest level of education
	None	Lower school (Standard grade or equivalent)	Upper school (Highers or equivalent)	Post-school pre-HE (HNC, HND, etc.)	Degree or equivalent	All
	%	%	%	%	%	%
Eligible 2s
Have been feeling happier	53	55	40	46	63	51
Have been feeling less stressed	57	60	60	55	68	58
Had more time to oneself	77	72	83	70	65	72
Care for other family members	59	55	68	52	55	57
Study or improve work related skills	8	36	29	39	45	33
Increase the number of hours work	8	15	18	23	27	18
Work or look for work	32	49	41	59	43	47
Undertaken voluntary work	4	19	22	5	12	13
Think about what may do in the future	67	80	74	63	67	71
Unweighted base	30	83	35	59	39	253
Comparator 3s
Have been feeling happier	*	38	49	39	40	42
Have been feeling less stressed	*	37	44	38	43	42
Had more time to oneself	*	66	69	59	61	63
Care for other family members	*	33	34	43	34	35
Study or improve work related skills	*	18	37	43	33	33
Increase the number of hours work	*	20	24	29	30	27
Work or look for work	*	43	43	57	58	52
Undertaken voluntary work	*	10	4	9	10	9
Think about what may do in the future	*	55	68	62	52	57
Unweighted base	13	75	72	121	254	564

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C28: Proportion agreeing with activities done / perceived change in feelings because child is in nursery, by household type, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Household type
	Single parents	Couple parents	All
	%	%	%
Eligible 2s
Have been feeling happier	53	49	51
Have been feeling less stressed	61	55	58
Had more time to oneself	69	76	72
Care for other family members	55	59	57
Study or improve work related skills	37	29	33
Increase the number of hours work	17	19	18
Work or look for work	47	47	47
Undertaken voluntary work	12	13	13
Think about what may do in the future	76	64	71
Unweighted base	146	107	253
Comparator 3s
Have been feeling happier	50	40	42
Have been feeling less stressed	41	42	42
Had more time to oneself	68	62	63
Care for other family members	37	35	35
Study or improve work related skills	34	32	33
Increase the number of hours work	20	28	27
Work or look for work	55	52	52
Undertaken voluntary work	4	10	9
Think about what may do in the future	66	55	57
Unweighted base	85	454	564

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C29: Proportion agreeing with activities done / perceived change in feelings because child is in nursery, by SDQ total difficulties score, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	SDQ total difficulties score
	Close to average	Slightly raised	High	Very high	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Eligible 2s
Have been feeling happier	51	56	51	42	51
Have been feeling less stressed	60	56	63	46	58
Had more time to oneself	73	70	73	74	72
Care for other family members	58	55	54	55	57
Study or improve work related skills	33	35	26	43	33
Increase the number of hours work	22	8	9	17	18
Work or look for work	46	45	43	48	47
Undertaken voluntary work	14	13	6	10	13
Think about what may do in the future	74	65	62	71	71
Unweighted base	134	43	39	24	253
Comparator 3s
Have been feeling happier	41	43	44	40	42
Have been feeling less stressed	40	45	38	44	42
Had more time to oneself	62	65	74	60	63
Care for other family members	34	37	48	36	35
Study or improve work related skills	34	29	51	22	33
Increase the number of hours work	27	30	23	20	27
Work or look for work	56	42	53	45	52
Undertaken voluntary work	9	13	6	0	9
Think about what may do in the future	54	57	78	66	57
Unweighted base	316	110	35	34	564

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C30: Proportion of children for whom full costs of time child spends at nursery are met by the government, by area deprivation, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s, Phase 3

	Scottish index of Multiple deprivation quintiles
	Most deprived 20%	2nd	3rd	Least deprived 40%	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Eligible 2s	93	93	88	90	92
Unweighted base	119	67	33	30	251
Comparator 3s	92	80	72	74	78
Unweighted base	94	106	111	233	545

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C31: Use of grandparents and private or workplace nurseries for childcare prior to the age of three, by area deprivation, Eligible 2s and Comparator 3s Phase 3

	Scottish index of Multiple deprivation quintiles
	Most deprived 20%	2nd	3rd	Least deprived 40%	All
	%	%	%	%	%
Eligible 2s
Grandparents	28	33	31	42	31
Private nursery	13	16	28	29	17
Unweighted base	102	63	29	24	220
Comparator 3s
Grandparents	54	61	62	71	64
Private nursery	19	27	37	46	35
Unweighted base	88	95	99	223	507

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Eligible 2s unweighted, Comparator 3s weighted)

Table C32: Use of grandparents and private or workplace nurseries for childcare prior to the age of three, by household income, Comparator 3s Phase 3

	OECD equivalized income quintiles
	Bottom 20%	2nd	Top 60%	All
	%	%	%	%
Comparator 3s
Grandparents	43	60	72	64
Private nursery	19	24	44	35
Unweighted base	83	100	286	507

Base: All respondents (parent questionnaire Phase 3, Comparator 3s weighted)