Scottish farm business income: annual estimates 2024-2025
Farm business level estimates of average incomes for 2024-2025. An Accredited Official Statistics publication for Scotland.
First published: 26 March 2026.
Last updated 21 April 2026.
Mixed farm income rises
The average income of mixed farms increased by 26% (£12,600) in 2024-25 to £60,400.
Figure 5: Average farm business income, mixed and all farms, 2012-13 to 2024-25. 2024-25 prices.
Agricultural output decreased by 2% (£7,700), driven by a 15% (£13,900) decrease in barley output to £80,500 and a 37% (£9,200) decrease in wheat output. Large decreases were partly offset by increases in cattle output (by 14%, £16,100) and by-products (by 107%, £7,100).
A decrease in fertiliser costs of 35% (£17,900) contributed to a 9% (£31,800) fall in total input costs.
In recent years, mixed farms tend to make more money than the average farm, but experience fluctuations in income over time. Mixed farms usually engage in complementary activities like growing crops to feed their cattle.
Table 5: Farm business income (FBI) and contributions to FBI, mixed farms, 2023-24 and 2024-25. 2024-25 prices. Figures are rounded to the nearest £100 and percentage change is calculated from unrounded figures.
|
Measure |
2023-24 |
2024-25 |
Percentage change |
|
1 Total output (£) = a + b |
338,300 |
324,700 |
-4% |
|
a Agricultural output (£) |
315,700 |
308,100 |
-2% |
|
b Contracting output (£) |
22,600 |
16,600 |
-26% |
|
2 Support payments income (£) = c - d |
53,400 |
50,100 |
-6% |
|
c Payment schemes (£) |
53,700 |
50,300 |
-6% |
|
d Payment scheme costs (£) |
300 |
200 |
-27% |
|
3 Total input (£) = e + f |
358,800 |
327,000 |
-9% |
|
e Agricultural input (£) |
345,500 |
317,700 |
-8% |
|
f Contracting input (£) |
13,300 |
9,300 |
-30% |
|
4 Diversification income (£) = g - h |
14,900 |
12,700 |
-15% |
|
g Diversification output (£) |
29,800 |
23,100 |
-22% |
|
h Diversification input (£) |
14,900 |
10,400 |
-30% |
|
5 FBI (£) = 1 + 2 + 4 - 3 |
47,900 |
60,400 |
26% |
|
6 Agricultural income = a - e |
-29,800 |
-9,700 |
-67% |
|
7 Contracting income = b - f |
9,400 |
7,400 |
-21% |