GDP Quarterly National Accounts: 2025 Quarter 4 (October to December)

Gross disposable household income (GDHI)

Gross disposable household income (GDHI) is a measure of how much money the population has for spending or saving after earnings and transfers such as pensions, taxes and benefits are accounted for. GDHI includes income earned in other areas of the UK or from abroad (for example, offshore workers’ income or income from overseas investments) which are not part of onshore GDP.

In 2025 Quarter 4, gross disposable household income is estimated to have increased by 3.6% compared to 2024 Quarter 4 in nominal terms (current prices without adjusting for inflation). The largest part of disposable income is income from employment (known as compensation of employees) which is up by 5.5% compared to 2024 quarter 4.

Household Saving Ratio

The household saving ratio is estimated at 8.5% in the latest quarter, down from 9.0% at the same point last year. The savings ratio has decreased slightly because households’ total resources from disposable income and pension fund adjustments have increased by 3.1%, which is lower than the 3.7% increase in household spending over the last 12 months.

The household saving ratio represents funds which are available for adding to savings, including into pension funds, or paying off debt. It is not a measure of actual deposits made to savings accounts, or of savings accounts balances, but is a useful indicator of trends in overall household sector finances.