Child Poverty Practice Accelerator Fund evaluation: final report

Annex E: Research Instruments

Topic Guide for Depth Interviews with Project Leads and Key Professionals: Round 1 Projects

Tone: Professional

Length: Approximately 1 hour. If it seems likely to run over, ask participants how much time they have at the 45 min mark to ensure all important bases are covered if they have to run at the hour mark.

Facilitation Note: There will not be time to ask every single question in this Topic Guide, though many will likely be answered throughout the conversation without requiring specific prompting. Indeed, some will be less relevant to certain project types. Use the first two sections to assist in ascertaining what questions are most important to focus on, given the participants’ role and experience on the project.

1. Introduction

• Welcome the interviewee and thank them for their time.
• Briefly explain the purpose of the interview:
  • To gain insights into their experiences and perspectives on the CPAF project, including its effectiveness and impact.
• Outline the structure and timings of the discussion.
• Assure confidentiality and explain how the data will be used.
• Confirm consent via printed or electronic consent form

2. About the Project and Your Role

• Can you tell me a little bit about your background, current role, and how you came to your role in the CPAF project?
• In your own words, what do you see as the primary aim of the project? (Probe: are you specifically targeting low income families? If so, do you actively target priority family group/s and how?
• How does your role contribute to the broader goals of the project?
• How do the roles of other partners or contributors support the goals of the project?
• What systems/policy spheres does your project sit within/between/interact with?

3. Project Setup (Start of 2024)

• Thinking back to the early stages of the project:
  • What were your initial impressions of the project’s goals and priorities?
  • What were the main tasks or activities you focused on during the setup phase?
  • Did you encounter any particular challenges in your role? How were these addressed?
  • What specific resources or supports made the initial setup of the project easier?
  • Were there any systemic or organisational barriers (e.g., funding, policy constraints) that affected the setup? How were these addressed?
• Did the local context (e.g., community needs, geography, existing resources) influence how the project was set up? If so, how?
• Were any families with lived experience of poverty involved in the setup of the project? If so, how were their insights gathered and incorporated? Did such engagement continue in later stages of the project?
  • (if necessary, re-iterate to the interviewee who the six priority Family Groups are: lone-parent families; a household where someone is disabled; families with three or more children; minority ethnic families; families with a child under one year old; families where the mother is under 25 years of age)

4. Mid-Point of the Project (Summer 2024)

• Reflecting on the midpoint of the project:
  • What aspects of the project were working well by this stage? Can you share examples? (Probe: Process; Impact: Priority Family Groups Receiving support)
  • What aspects were not working as well? How were these challenges addressed? (Probe: Process; Impact: Priority Family Groups Receiving or not Receiving Support)
  • Were there any adjustments or innovations introduced during this phase to improve the project? How were these developed, and what impact have they had?
• How did the principles of CPAF (evidence-based approach, collaboration, etc.) shape your work during this period? How have they contributed to local change?
  • How did evidence or data shape the direction of the project at this stage? Are there examples of evidence leading to specific changes or improvements?
  • Can you share examples of any risks or experiments that paid off — or didn’t work as expected?

5. Current State of the Project

• Thinking about where the project stands now:
  • Has your CPAF project been implemented as intended? If not, why not? What have been the key changes made to the project and why were they necessary?
  • What do you feel is going well at this stage? (Probe: Process; Impact: Priority Family Groups receiving support)
  • What challenges still exist or have emerged recently? (Probe: Process; Impact: Priority Family Groups receiving or not receiving support)
  • What impacts have you observed on families living in poverty? Which Priority Family Groups have been impacted?
  • How have the perspectives or feedback of people with lived experience of poverty influenced the project’s direction or design?
• Are there any practices or lessons from the project that you see being embedded into local services more generally?
  • What steps are being taken to ensure the sustainability of the project's outcomes after the funding period ends?
  • What steps, if any, are being taken to ensure the scalability of the project beyond this funding?
  • Do you think this project could be replicated in other areas? What factors would need to be considered to adapt it to different contexts?

6. System Change and Collaboration

• Over the course of the project, have you observed any changes in how services are delivered or designed? If so, what are they?
• Have there been any unexpected outcomes — either positive or negative — resulting from the project? How have these been addressed or leveraged?
• Have you observed any shifts in policy or organisational practices as a direct result of the project? If so, what have they been?
• Have you noticed any changes in attitudes, behaviours, or values among stakeholders (professionals or recipients of the project) over time?
• How has working in partnership with project recipients and local partners evolved throughout the project? What has worked well, what were the challenges, and how were these responded to?
• Have successful innovations been documented or shared to influence other initiatives?

7. Closing

• Is there anything important about your experience with the project that we haven’t discussed?
• Thank the interviewee for their time and valuable insights.

Focus Group Topic Guide for Frontline Workers: Round 1 Projects

Tone: Professional

Length: Up to 1.5 hours, shorter if necessary for participants.

Facilitation Note: There will not be time to ask every single question in this Topic Guide, though many will likely be answered throughout the conversation without requiring specific prompting. Indeed, some will be less relevant to certain project types. Use the first two sections to assist in ascertaining what questions are most important to focus on, given the participants’ role and experience on the project. Adapt style and tone to suit the dynamic of the group (i.e. the extent to which they know each other already and have natural rapport).

1. Introduction (10 mins)

Welcome participants and thank them for attending.

• Briefly explain the purpose of the focus group:
  • To explore experiences of working on the CPAF project and its effectiveness
  • Outline what CPAF and its principles are, in case these are not known to participants.
• Briefly explain how a focus group works:
  • questions are asked to the full group, and we would like to hear from everyone.
  • It’s vital that all get a turn to speak, and the facilitator may at times need to move on to other questions or respondents in the name of time.
  • We ask that everyone keep each other’s responses confidential within the group, so that all can speak freely.
• Outline structure and timings of the discussion. Note that questions will be asked to the whole group to steer the discussion, but the facilitator may at times want to probe on specific points from specific individuals.
• Assure confidentiality and explain how data will be used.
• Confirm consent via printed or electronic consent form

2. About the Project (10 mins)

• Can you each briefly share a little bit about your role in the project and how you came to be involved?
• In your own words, what is the primary aim of the project?
• How do you see your role fitting into the broader goals of the project?

3. Project Setup (Start of 2024) (15 mins)

Thinking back to the early stages of the project (if you were involved then):

• What were your initial impressions of the project’s goals and priorities?
• What were the main tasks or activities you worked on during the setup phase?
• Were there any particular challenges you encountered in your role? How were these addressed?
  • What specific resources or supports made the initial setup of the project easier?
  • Were there any systemic or organisational barriers (e.g., funding, policy constraints) that affected the setup? How were these addressed?
• Did the local context (e.g., community needs, geography, existing resources) influence how the project was set up? If so, how?
• Were any families with lived experience of poverty involved in the setup of the project? If so, how were their insights gathered and incorporated? Did such engagement continue in later stages of the project?
  • (if necessary, re-iterate to the interviewee who the six priority Family Groups are: lone-parent families; a household where someone is disabled; families with three or more children; minority ethnic families; families with a child under one year old; families where the mother is under 25 years of age)

4. Mid-Point of the Project (Summer 2024) (15 mins)

Reflecting on the midpoint of the project:

• What aspects of the project were working well by this stage? Can you share examples? (Probe: Process; Impact: Priority Family Groups receiving support)
• What aspects were not working as well? How were these challenges addressed? (Probe: Process; Impact: Priority Family Groups receiving or not receiving support)
• Were there any adjustments or innovations introduced during this phase to improve the project? How have they contributed to local change?
• How did the principles of CPAF (evidence-based approach, collaboration, etc.) shape your work during this period?
• How has evidence or data shaped the direction of the project at this stage? Are there examples of evidence leading to specific changes or improvements?

5. Current State of the Project (15 mins)

Thinking about where the project stands now:

• Has your CPAF project been implemented as intended? If not, why not. What have been the key changes made to the project and why were they necessary?
• What is going well in your view? (Probe: Process; Impact: Priority Family Groups receiving support)
• What challenges still exist or have emerged? (Probe: Process; Impact: Priority Family Groups receiving or not receiving support)
• What impacts have you observed on families living in poverty? (Probe: positive, negative, expected, unexpected etc) Which Priority Family Groups have been impacted?
• Are there any practices or lessons from the project that you think are being embedded into local services more generally?
• What steps, if any, are being taken to ensure the sustainability or scalability of the project beyond this funding?

6. System Change and Collaboration (15 mins)

• Over the course of the project, have you noticed any changes in how services are delivered or designed? If so, what?
• Have there been any unexpected outcomes — either positive or negative — resulting from the project? How have these been addressed or leveraged?
• Have you observed any shifts in policy or organisational practices as a direct result of the project? If so, what have they been?
• What indicators or evidence demonstrate shifts in organisational or systemic practices?
• Have there been any changes in attitudes, behaviours, or values among stakeholders (professionals or recipients of project) over time?
• How has working in partnership with project recipients and local partners evolved throughout the project? What has worked well, what were the challenges, and how were these responded to?

7. Closing (10 mins)

• Is there anything important about your experience with the project that we haven’t discussed?

Thank participants for their time and insights.

Focus Group Topic Guide for Families Receiving or Supporting Services: Round 1 Projects

Tone: Conversational Length: Up to 1.5 hours, shorter if necessary for participants

1. Introduction (10 mins)

• Welcome everyone and thank you for coming along today.
• Explain the purpose of the discussion:
  • To hear about your experiences with the project and any changes it has made to your life or community.
• Briefly explain how a focus group works:
  • questions are asked to the full group, and we would like to hear from everyone.
  • It’s vital that all get a turn to speak, and the facilitator may at times need to move on to other questions or respondents in the name of time.
  • We ask that everyone keep each other’s responses confidential within the group, so that all can speak freely.
• Outline structure and timings of the discussion. Note that questions will be asked to the whole group to steer the discussion, but the facilitator may at times want to probe on specific points from specific individuals.
• Let everyone know their input is valuable and there are no right or wrong answers.
• Reassure confidentiality and explain how the information will be used.
• Confirm consent via printed or electronic consent form
• Invite brief introductions prior to turning on the Dictaphone (e.g., first name and a little about your family or community involvement, in so far as you feel comfortable sharing).

2. Early Experiences with the Project (10 mins)

• Thinking back to when the project first started for you:
  • How did you first hear about it? When? Were you involved with designing the project?
  • What were your thoughts about it at the beginning?
  • Did you find it easy to access or get involved? Why or why not?

3. Mid-Point Experiences (15 mins)

Partway through the project:

• What kinds of activities or support were you involved in? (Probe: did this include involvement in codesigning the programme? What was the process of the involvement?)
• What was working well for you and your family at that point?
• Were there any challenges you faced in engaging with the project or its services?

Did you notice anything different in your community or in the support you received?

Did this project link with other support systems or services you were already using? If so, how? If not, would a connection have been helpful?

4. Current Experiences (15 mins)

Thinking about now:

• What kinds of support or changes have made the most difference for you or your family?
• How involved do you feel in the project, and has this changed over time?
• Are there things that you think could be improved?
• Have you seen any changes in your community as a result of the project? What are they? (probe: expected, unexpected etc)
• If the project were to continue, what would you like to see more of?
• If the project were to continue, what would you like to see less of?
• If this project were to expand to other areas, what advice would you give to ensure it works well for other families?

5. Reflections on the Future (10 mins)

• Do you think the changes or support from this project will continue to make a difference for you/your family after this project’s funding ends (March 2025)? Why or why not?
• Is there anything you would like to share with the people running the project about your experience?

6. Closing (10 mins)

• Thank you so much for sharing your thoughts and experiences today.
• Is there anything else you would like to add before we finish?
• Reassure participants about confidentiality and let them know how their feedback will be used.
• Clarify when and how incentives will be paid, if applicable.

Topic Guide for Co-Design Meeting: Exploring Evaluation Support Needs with Round 2 Recipients (Project Leads)

Purpose:

1. To build an understanding of the project’s early-stage context, including enablers and barriers at different levels in the system.

2. To collaboratively explore evaluation needs and identify effective yet practical methods for gathering data.

Tone: Collaborative and Open

Length: Up to 1.5 hours

Facilitation Notes:

• Speak through the main elements of the Monitoring and Evaluation Framework to support them in the discussion, wherever this feels most appropriate.
• Use open-ended questions to encourage discussion and creativity.
• Ensure all participants feel heard and valued throughout the session.
• Capture key insights and suggestions for follow-up after the meeting.

1. Welcome and Introductions (5 mins)

• Welcome participants and thank them for attending.
• Explain the purpose of the meeting:
• To better understand their project and co-design evaluation approaches that are both effective and manageable.
• Outline structure and timings for the session.
• Invite participants to briefly introduce themselves and their role in the project.
• How much experience do you have in evaluation and monitoring?

2. Understanding the Project Context (15 mins)

• Ask participants to describe their project in their own words:
  • What are the primary aims and goals of the project?
  • Who are the key beneficiaries?
  • What is each participant’s role in delivering the project?
• Explore the project’s early-stage experiences:
• What factors have supported the setup of the project so far?
• What challenges have arisen, and how have these been addressed so far? Are there any that are as yet unresolved?
• Prompt discussion on the local context:
  • How do community needs or local circumstances influence the project’s work? (Probe: resources, geography, demographics etc)
  • Are there specific barriers or opportunities unique to the area?

3. Goals for Evaluation (15 mins)

Begin by exploring participants’ views on evaluation:

• Why is evaluation important for this project?
• What are the main outcomes or impacts they hope to see?
• Co-design desired evaluation goals:
  • What would success look like for the project?
  • Are there specific questions participants want the evaluation to answer?
  • Are there particular groups or outcomes that are most important to capture?

4. Practical Data Collection (25 mins)

Discuss the types of data participants feel are most valuable:

• What information would best demonstrate the project’s impact?
• Are there any existing data sources or tools that could support evaluation?

Explore practicalities:

• What methods of data collection would work best within the delivery context (e.g., surveys, interviews, case studies)? [be prepared to explain what the options are and how they work, if needed]
• How much time or resource can reasonably be dedicated to evaluation activities? Who do you foresee leading this aspect?

Identify potential barriers:

• Are there any challenges participants foresee with collecting data?
• What support would be needed to overcome these challenges?

5. Reflection and Co-Designing Solutions (20 mins)

Reflect on how evaluation can be integrated effectively into the project:

• What tools, templates, or processes would make data collection easier?
• How can evaluation activities align with project delivery to minimise disruption?
• Explore opportunities for collaboration:
• Are there ways to involve beneficiaries (e.g., families, community members) in the evaluation process?
• Could partnerships or external support strengthen evaluation efforts?

6. Next Steps and Closing (10 mins)

• Summarise key points and decisions from the discussion.
• Outline next steps for developing and supporting evaluation activities.
• Invite any final thoughts or suggestions from participants.
• Thank everyone for their input and reaffirm the importance of their contributions.

Topic Guide for Depth Interviews with Project Leads and Key Professionals: Round 2 Projects

Tone: Professional

Length: Approximately 1 hour. If it seems likely to run over, ask participants how much time they have at the 45 min mark to ensure all important bases are covered if they have to run at the hour mark.

Facilitation Note: There will not be time to ask every single question in this Topic Guide, though many will likely be answered throughout the conversation without requiring specific prompting. Indeed, some will be less relevant to certain project types. Use the first two sections to assist in ascertaining what questions are most important to focus on, given the participants’ role and experience on the project.

1. Introduction

• Welcome the interviewee and thank them for their time.
• Briefly explain the purpose of the interview:
  • To understand how the project is progressing at its midpoint — what’s working well, what’s been challenging, and what is planned for the remainder of delivery.
• Outline the structure and timings of the discussion.
• Assure confidentiality and explain how the data will be used.
• Confirm consent via printed or electronic consent form

2. About the Project and Your Role

• Can you tell me a little about your background, your current role, and how you became involved in this CPAF project?
• In your own words, what do you see as the primary aim of the project?
• Are you specifically targeting any of the six priority family groups? How?
• How does your role contribute to the wider project?
• Who else is involved, and what roles do other partners play?
• What systems or services does the project interact with or seek to influence?

3. Project Setup (End of 2024)

• Thinking back to the early stages of the project:
  • What were your initial impressions of the project’s goals and priorities?
  • What were the main tasks or activities you focused on during the setup phase?
  • Did you encounter any particular challenges in your role? How were these addressed?
  • What specific resources or supports made the initial setup of the project easier?
  • Were there any systemic or organisational barriers (e.g., funding, policy constraints) that affected the setup? How were these addressed?
• Did the local context (e.g., community needs, geography, existing resources) influence how the project was set up? If so, how?
• Were any families with lived experience of poverty involved in the setup of the project? If so, how were their insights gathered and incorporated? Did such engagement continue in later stages of the project?
  • (if necessary, re-iterate to the interviewee who the six priority Family Groups are: lone-parent families; a household where someone is disabled; families with three or more children; minority ethnic families; families with a child under one year old; families where the mother is under 25 years of age)

4. Mid-Point of the Project (Summer 2025)

• What’s working well so far? Can you give examples? (Probe: delivery, engagement, collaboration, outcomes)
• What has proved challenging? What has been done to address this?
• Have you made any changes or adaptations to your original plans? What drove these, and what’s been the result so far?
• Are you starting to see any signs of impact on priority families or local systems? If so, what are they?
• How are you using data or evidence to inform delivery?
• Have you tested anything new or experimental? What have you learned?

5. Looking Ahead and Emerging Insights

• What are your main priorities for the remainder of the funding period?
• Are there changes or developments you’re planning between now and March 2026?
• What have you learned so far that is shaping how you plan to move forward?
  • Are there any early signs of change — either in service delivery, collaboration, or impact on families?
  • Have you experienced any surprises, whether positive or challenging?
  • Are any lessons, practices, or tools already being picked up by other teams or influencing wider services?
• How are you continuing to involve people with lived experience in shaping or reviewing the project?
• What would help ensure your work has lasting impact or influence beyond the funding period?
• Do you think the project could be scaled up here or replicated elsewhere? What would need to be in place?

6. Closing

• Is there anything important about your experience with the project that we haven’t discussed?
• Thank the interviewee for their time and valuable insight

Focus Group Topic Guide for Frontline Workers: Round 2 Projects

Tone: Professional Length: Up to 1.5 hours, shorter if necessary for participants.

Facilitation Note: There will not be time to ask every single question in this Topic Guide, though many will likely be answered throughout the conversation without requiring specific prompting. Indeed, some will be less relevant to certain project types. Use the first two sections to assist in ascertaining what questions are most important to focus on, given the participants’ role and experience on the project. Adapt style and tone to suit the dynamic of the group (i.e. the extent to which they know each other already and have natural rapport).

1. Introduction (10 mins)

Welcome participants and thank them for attending.

• Briefly explain the purpose of the focus group:
  • To explore experiences of working on the CPAF project so far, and its effectiveness
  • Outline what CPAF and its principles are, in case these are not known to participants.
• Briefly explain how a focus group works:
  • Questions are asked to the full group, and we would like to hear from everyone.
  • It’s vital that all get a turn to speak, and the facilitator may at times need to move on to other questions or respondents in the name of time.
  • We ask that everyone keep each other’s responses confidential within the group, so that all can speak freely.
• Outline structure and timings of the discussion. Note that questions will be asked to the whole group to steer the discussion, but the facilitator may at times want to probe on specific points from specific individuals.
• Reassure confidentiality and explain how data will be used. Note that there will be an opportunity to tell us of anything they would like to be shared with the project lead in the name of continuous improvement. This will be made clear when it is being asked, and no names of individuals will be used when passing this on. The question is completely optional.
• Confirm consent via printed or electronic consent form, or recorded at the start of recording ‘e.g. My name is X and I confirm my consent to be part of this focus group’

2. About the Project (10 mins)

• Can you each briefly share a little bit about your role in the project and how you came to be involved?
• In your own words, what is the primary aim of the project?
• How do you see your role fitting into the broader goals of the project?

3. Project Setup (End of 2024) (20 mins)

Thinking back to the early stages of the project (if you were involved then):

• What were your initial impressions of the project’s goals and priorities?
• What were the main tasks or activities you worked on during the setup phase?
• Were there any particular challenges you encountered in your role? How were these addressed?
  • What specific resources or supports made the initial setup of the project easier?
  • Were there any systemic or organisational barriers (e.g., funding, policy constraints) that affected the setup? How were these addressed?
• Did the local context (e.g., community needs, geography, existing resources) influence how the project was set up? If so, how?
• Were any families with lived experience of poverty involved in the setup of the project? If so, how were their insights gathered and incorporated?
  • (if necessary, re-iterate to the interviewee who the six priority Family Groups are: lone-parent families; a household where someone is disabled; families with three or more children; minority ethnic families; families with a child under one year old; families where the mother is under 25 years of age)

4. Mid-Point of the Project (Summer 2025) (20 mins)

Reflecting on the midpoint of the project:

• What’s working well so far? Can you give examples from your own practice? (Probe: engagement, support, partnership working, feedback from families)
• What’s been difficult or hasn’t gone as planned? What has helped you respond to this?
• Have any changes been made to the original approach or delivery model? Why, and what’s been the result?
• Are you starting to see any signs of impact — for families, your team, or local services?
• How are you using feedback, data, or reflection to guide your work at this stage?

5. Looking Ahead and Lessons So Far (20 mins)

• What are your main priorities for the rest of the funding period?
• Are there new things you’re planning to try or develop further in the next phase?
• What have you or your team learned so far that you’ll carry into the next stage of delivery?
• Have you seen any small shifts in how services collaborate, how families engage, or how support is delivered?
• Are any tools, approaches, or practices starting to be picked up elsewhere?
• Are you still involving families with lived experience? If so, how is that working in practice?
• What would help your work have a longer-term impact beyond the current project?
• What advice would you give to others trying to do something similar in a different area?
• Is there anything about your experience that you would like us to share (anonymously) with the project lead, to help make improvements to the project at this stage?

6. Closing (10 mins)

• Is there anything important about your experience with the project that we haven’t discussed?

Thank participants for their time and insights.

Focus Group Topic Guide for Families Receiving or Supporting Services: Round 2 Projects

Tone: Conversational and Inclusive

Length: Around 1 hour.

Facilitation Note: Create a welcoming and informal environment. Not all questions will apply to all participants — adapt phrasing as needed and avoid jargon. Focus on encouraging open sharing of experiences so far and hopes for the future. Keep the tone friendly and respectful, and make space for quieter voices. If time is short or there are large numbers of participants, focus time on exploring impacts rather than process.

1. Introduction (5 mins)

• Welcome everyone and thank you for coming along today.
• Explain the purpose of the discussion:
  • We’re here to understand your experiences of the project so far — what’s helped, what could be improved, and what you hope might happen next.
• Briefly explain how a focus group works:
  • Questions are asked to the full group, and we would like to hear from everyone.
  • It’s vital that all get a turn to speak, and the facilitator may at times need to move on to other questions or respondents in the name of time.
  • We ask that everyone keep each other’s responses confidential within the group, so that all can speak freely.
• Outline structure and timings of the discussion. Note that questions will be asked to the whole group to steer the discussion, but the facilitator may at times want to probe on specific points from specific individuals.
• Let everyone know their input is valuable and there are no right or wrong answers.
• Reassure confidentiality and explain how the information will be used. Note that there will be an opportunity to tell us of anything they would like to be shared with the project lead to help improve the project. This will be made clear when it is being asked, and no names of individuals will be used when passing this on. The question is completely optional.
• Confirm consent via printed or electronic consent form, or recorded at the start of recording ‘e.g. My name is X and I confirm my consent to be part of this focus group’
• Invite brief introductions prior to turning on the Dictaphone (e.g., first name and a little about your family or community involvement, in so far as you feel comfortable sharing).

2. Early Experiences with the Project (15 mins)

Thinking back to when you first got involved:

• How did you hear about the project?
• What were your first thoughts about it?
• Was it easy to get involved or start using the service? What helped or made it difficult?
• Did you or your family have a say in shaping any part of the project at the beginning?

3. Experiences So Far (15 mins)

• What kinds of support or activities have you been involved in through the project?
• What’s worked well for you or your family?
• Has anything not worked so well, or been difficult to access or take part in?
• Have you seen any changes in your family life, community, or the support you receive as a result of the project?
• Do you feel listened to or involved as the project has gone on? If so, how?

4. Looking Ahead (15 mins)

• What would you like to see happen in the rest of the project?
• Is there anything you hope will change, improve, or continue?
• Are there things you think could be done differently over the coming months?
• If the project were to continue beyond this year, what would you like more of? What would you like less of?
• If this project were to expand to other areas, what advice would you give to make sure it works well for other families?
• Is there anything about your experience that you would like us to share (anonymously) with the project lead, to help make improvements to the service you or others receive?

5. Closing (10 mins)

• Thank you so much for sharing your thoughts and experiences today.
• Is there anything else you would like to add before we finish?
• Reassure participants about confidentiality and let them know how their feedback will be used.
• Clarify when and how incentives will be paid, if applicable.