Repeat violent victimisation: evidence review

A rapid review of national and international evidence on the extent, prevalence and nature of repeat violent victimisation.


5. References 

AQMeN (2018) Inequality and the crime drop. Society Now. Autumn 2018. Available at: https://content.yudu.com/web/2ol8a/0A34yod/SN32/html/index.html?page=32&origin=reader

Averdijk, M. (2011) ‘Reciprocal effects of victimisation and routine activities’, Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 27, pp. 125-149.

Berg, M. T., Stewart, E. A., Schreck, C. J. and Simons, R. L. (2012) ‘The victim-offender overlap in context: Examining the role of neighbourhood street culture’, Criminology, 50, pp. 1-31.

Buss, T. F. and Abdu, R. (1995) ‘Repeat victims of violence in an urban trauma centre’, Violence and Victims, 10, pp. 183-194.

Callanan, M., Brown, A., Turley, C., Kenny, T. and Roberts, J. (2012) Evidence and Practice Review of support for victims and outcome measurement. Ministry of Justice Research Series 19/12, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/217385/evidence-practice-review-support-for-victims-outcome-measurement.pdf 

Clay-Warner, J., Bunch, J. M. and McMahon-Howard, J. (2016) ‘Differential Vulnerability: Disentangling the Effects of State Dependence and Population Heterogeneity on Repeat Victimisation’, Criminal Justice and Behaviour, https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854816636415

Cooper, C., Eslinger, D. and Nash, D. (2000) ‘Repeat Victims of Violence: Report of a Large Concurrent Case-control Study’, Archives of Surgery, 135(7), pp. 837-843. 

Cuevas, C. A., D. Finkelhor, H. A. Turner, and Ormrod, R. K. (2007) ‘Juvenile delinquency and victimisation: A theoretical typology’, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 22, pp. 1581–1602.

Daigle, L. E., Fisher, B. S. and Cullen, F. T. (2008) ‘The violent and sexual victimisation of college women: Is repeat victimisation a problem?’, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 23, pp. 1296–1313.

Davis, R., Maxwell, C. and Taylor, B. (2006) ‘Preventing repeat incidents of family violence: Analysis of data from three field experiments’, Journal of Experimental Criminology, 2, pp. 183-210. 

Deadman, D. and MacDonald, Z. (2004) ‘Offenders as Victims of Crime?: An Investigation into the Relationship between Criminal Behaviour and Victimisation’, Journal of the Royal Statistics Society, 167(1), pp. 53-67. 

Everson, S. (2003) ‘Repeat victimisation and prolific offending: Chance or choice?’, International Journal of Police Science and Management, 5, pp. 180–194.

Farrell, G. and Pease, K. (1993) Once bitten, twice bitten: repeat victimisation and its implications for crime prevention. Police Research Group, Crime Prevention Unit Paper 46. London: Home Office Police Department. 

Farrell, G., Phillips, C. and Pease, K. (1995) ‘Like taking candy: why does repeat victimisation occur?’, British Journal of Criminology, 35(3), pp. 384-399. 

Farrell, G. and Sousa, W. (2001) ‘Repeat Victimisation and Hot Spots: The Overlap and Its Implications for Crime Control and Problem-Oriented Policing’, Crime Prevention Studies, 12, pp. 221-240. 

Farrell, G. and Bouloukos, A.C. (2001) ‘A cross-national comparative analysis of rates of repeat victimisation’, in G. Farrell and K. Pease (eds.) Repeat Victimisation. Vol. 12. Crime Prevention Studies. Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press.

Farrell, G. (2005) Progress and prospects in the prevention of repeat victimisation. In N. Tilley (Ed.), Handbook of crime prevention and community safety (pp. 143–170). Portland, OR: Willan Publishing.

Farrell, G., Tseloni, A. and Pease, K. (2005) ‘Repeat victimisation in the ICVS and NCVS’, Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 7(3), pp. 7–18.

Farrell, G. and Pease, K. (2007) The Sting in the Tail of the British Crime Survey: Multiple Victimisations. In: Hough, M, Maxfield, M Surveying Crime in the 21st Century. Cullompton: Willan, pp. 33–54.

Farrell, C. and Zimmerman, G. M. (2017) ‘Does offending intensify as exposure to violence aggregates? Reconsidering the effects of repeat victimisation, types of exposure to violence and polyvictimisation on property crime, violent offending and substance use’, Journal of Criminal Justice, 53, pp. 25-33. 

Forrester, D., Frenz, S., O’Connell, M. and Pease, K. (1990) The Kirkholt Burglary Prevention Project: Phase II. Crime Prevention Unit Paper 23. London: Home Office.

Finney, A. (2004) Violence in the night-time economy: key findings from the research. London: Home Office. 

Gerrell, M. (2018) ‘Bus Stops and Violence, Are Risky Places Really Risky?’, European Journal of Criminal Policy Research, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10610-018-9382-5 

Graham-Kevan, N., Brooks, M., Willan, V. J., Lowe, M., Robinson, P., Khan, R., Stokes, R., Irving, M., Karwacka, M. and Bryce, J. (2015) ‘Repeat Victimisation, Retraumatisation and Victim Vulnerability’, The Open Criminology Journal, 8, pp. 36-48. 

Grant, N., Robertson, J. and Page, L. (2016) Scottish Crime and Justice Survey 2014/15: Technical Report. Edinburgh: Scottish Government. Available at: https://www2.gov.scot/Resource/0051/00517071.pdf 

Grove, L. E., Farrell, G., Farrington, D. P., Johnson, S. D. (2012) Preventing repeat victimisation: a systematic review. Stockholm, Sweden: The Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention. 

Hanmer, J., S. Griffiths, and D. Jerwood (1999) Arresting Evidence: Domestic Violence and Repeat Victimisation. Police Research Series, Paper 104. London: Home Office.

Health and Safety Executive (2018) Violence at work 2016/17. Available at: http://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causinj/violence/work-related-violence-report-2018.pdf  

Hindelang M., Gottfredson M. and Garofalo J. (1978) Victims of personal crime: An empirical foundation for a theory of personal victimisation. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

Hope, T., Bryan, J., Trickett, A. and Osborn, D. R. (2001) ‘Phenomena of Multiple Victimisation: The Relationship Between Personal and Property Crime Risk’, British Journal of Criminology, 41(4), pp. 595-617. 

Ignatans, D. and Pease, K. (2015) ‘On whom does the burden of crime fall now? Changes over time in counts and concentration’, International Review of Victimology, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0269758015610854 

Information Services Division (2019) Unintentional Injuries in Scotland. Edinburgh: A National Statistics Publication for Scotland. Available at: https://www.isdscotland.org/Health-Topics/Emergency-Care/Publications/2019-03-05/2019-03-05-UI-2019-Summary.pdf 

Jacobs, B.A. and Wright, R. (2006) Street justice: Retaliation in the criminal underworld. New York: Cambridge University Press

Jansson, K., Budd, S., Lovbakke, J., Moley, S. and Thorpe, K. (2007) Attitudes, perceptions and risks of crime: Supplementary Volume 1 to Crime in England and Wales 2006/07. London: Home Office Statistical Bulletin. 

Jennings, W. G., Piquero, A. R. and Reingle, J. M. (2012) ‘On the overlap between victimisation and offending: A review of the literature’, Aggression and Violent Behaviour, 17, pp. 16–26.

Kesteren, J., van Dijk, J. and Mayhew, P. (2013) ‘The International Crime Victims Surveys: A retrospective’, International Review of Victimology, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0269758013511742 

Lauritsen, J. L. and Davis Quinet, K. (1995) ‘Repeat victimisation among adolescents and young adults’, Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 11, pp. 143-166.

Lauritsen, J. L. and Laub, J. H. (2007) ‘Understanding the link between victimization and offending: New reflections on an old idea’, Crime Prevention Studies, 22, pp. 55-75.

Lauritsen, J. L., Owens, J. G., Planty, M., Rand, M. R. and Truman, J. L. (2012) Methods for Counting High-Frequency Repeat Victimisations in the National Crime Victimisation Survey. Technical Series Report, US Department of Justice. Available at: https://bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/mchfrv.pdf 

Lloyd, S., G. Farrell, and K. Pease (1994) Preventing Repeated Domestic Violence: A Demonstration Project on Merseyside. Home Office Crime Prevention Unit Paper 49. London: Home Office.

Matthews, R., C. Pease, and K. Pease (2001) Repeated Bank Robbery: Theme and Variations. In G. Farrell and K. Pease (eds.), Repeat Victimisation. Crime Prevention Studies, Vol. 12. Monsey, New York: Criminal Justice Press.

min Park, S. and Eck, J. E. (2013) ‘Understanding the Random Effect on Victimization Distributions: A Statistical Analysis of Random Repeat Victimizations’, Victims and Offenders, https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2013.814612

Morenoff, J. D., Sampson, R. J. and Raudenbush, S. W. (2001) ‘Neighbourhood Inequality, Collective Efficacy and the Spatial Dynamics of Urban Violence’, Criminology, 39(3), pp. 517-558. 

Morgan, F. (2004) The NDV Project Final Evaluation. Perth: Crime Research Centre, University of Western Australia.

Mukherjee, S. and Carach, C. (1993) Repeat Victimisation in Australia: Extent, Correlates and Implications for Crime Prevention. Australian Institute of Criminology Research and Public Policy Series No. 15.

Office for National Statistics (2013) Repeat victimisation. Available at: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160106234227/http:/www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171776_339553.pdf  

Office for National Statistics (2016a) Review of methodology for addressing high-frequency repeat victimisation in Crime Survey for England and Wales estimates. Available at: https://www.ons.gov.uk/aboutus/whatwedo/statistics/consultationsandsurveys/allconsultationsandsurveys/reviewofmethodologyforaddressinghighfrequencyrepeatvictimisationincrimesurveyforenglandandwalesestimates  

Office for National Statistics (2016b) Intimate personal violence and partner abuse. Available at:

https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/compendium/focusonviolentcrimeandsexualoffences/yearendingmarch2015/chapter4intimatepersonalviolenceandpartnerabuse#partner-abuse-repeat-victimisation

Office for National Statistics (2019) The nature of violent crime in England and Wales: year ending March 2018. Available at: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/articles/thenatureofviolentcrimeinenglandandwales/yearendingmarch2018#which-groups-of-people-are-most-likely-to-be-victims-of-violent-crime   

Ousey, G. C., Wilcox, P. and Brummel, S. (2008) ‘Déjà vu all over again: Investigating temporal continuity of adolescent victimisation’, Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 24(3), pp 307–335. 

Outlaw, M., Ruback, B. and Britt, C. (2002) ‘Repeat and Multiple Victimisations: The Role of Individual and Contextual Factors’, Violence and Victims, 17, pp. 187-204. 

Pease, K. (1998) Repeat victimisation: Taking stock (Crime Detection and Prevention Series No. 90). London: Home Office.

Pease, K. and Ignatans, D. (2016) ‘The Global Crime Drop and Changes in the Distribution of Victimisation’, Crime Science, 5(11), https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40163-016-0059-4 

Robinson, A. L. (2006) ‘Reducing repeat victimisation among high risk victims of domestic violence: The benefits of a coordinated community response in Cardiff, Wales’, Violence Against Women, 12, pp. 761–788.

Sampson, A. and Phillips, C. (1992). Multiple Victimisation: Racial Attacks on an East London Estate. Crime Prevention Unit Series Paper 36. London: Home Office.

Schreck, C. J., Stewart, E. and Fisher, B. S. (2006) ‘Self-control, victimisation, and their influence on risky lifestyles: A longitudinal analysis using panel data’, Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 22, pp. 319-340.

Schreck, C. J., Stewart, E. A. and Osgood, D. W. (2008) ‘A reappraisal of the overlap of violent offenders and victims’, Criminology, 46, pp. 871-906.

Scottish Government (2018) Recorded crime in Scotland 2017-2018. Edinburgh: A National Statistics Publication for Scotland. Available at: https://www.gov.scot/publications/recorded-crime-scotland-2017-18 

Scottish Government (2019) Scottish Crime and Justice Survey 2017/18: Main Findings. Edinburgh: Scottish Government. 

Shaw, M. and Pease, K. (2000) Research on Repeat Victimisation in Scotland: Final Report. Edinburgh: The Scottish Executive Central Research Unit.

Taylor, N. (2004) ‘Petrol Service Stations as Victims of Crime: Their Risks and Vulnerabilities’, Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 6(1), pp. 31-41.

Tillyer, M. S. (2013) ‘Violent victimisation across the life course: Moving a “victims careers” agenda forward’, Criminal Justice and Behaviour, 41, pp. 593-612. 

Tseloni, A. M. and Pease, K. (2003) ‘Repeat personal victimisation: "Flags" or "boosts"?’, British Journal of Criminology, 43, pp. 196–212.

Tseloni, A. M. and Pease, K. (2004) ‘Repeat personal victimisation: Random effects, event dependence and unexplained heterogeneity’, British Journal of Criminology, 44, pp. 931-945. 

Tseloni, A., Ntzoufras, I., Nicolaou, A. and Pease, K. (2010) ‘Concentration of personal and household crimes in England and Wales’, European Journal of Applied Mathematics, 21, pp. 326-348.

Turanovic, J. J. and Ogle, M. R. (2017) State Dependence and Population Heterogeneity in Theories of Victimisation. In Huebner, B. M. (ed.) Oxford Bibliographies. New York: Oxford University press. 

van Reemst, L., Fischer, T. F. C. and van Dongen, J. D. M. (2013) Risk factors for repeat victimisation: a literature scan. Criminology Department, Erasmus School of Law, Erasmus University Rotterdam Commissioned by the Research and Documentation Centre (WODC), Ministry of Security and Justice.

Vecchio, J. M. (2013) ‘Once bitten, thrice wise: The varying effects of victimisation on routine activities and risk management’, Deviant Behaviour, 34, pp. 169-190.

Walby, S., Towers, J. and Francis, B. (2015) ‘Is Violent Crime Increasing or Decreasing? a New Methodology to Measure Repeat Attacks Making Visible the Significance of Gender and Domestic Relations’, The British Journal of Criminology, 56(6), pp. 1203-1234. 

Walby, S. and Towers, J. (2017) ‘Measuring violence to end violence: mainstreaming gender’, Journal of Gender-Based Violence, 1(1), pp. 11-31.

Wilcox, P., May, D. C., Roberts, S. D. (2006) ‘Student weapon possession and the “fear and victimisation hypothesis”: Unraveling the temporal order’, Justice Quarterly, 23, pp. 502-529.

Weisel, D.L. (2005) Analysing Repeat Victimisation. Problem-Oriented Guides for Police Problem Solving Tools Series, No. 4. Washington: US Department of Justice.

Contact

Email: Eilidh.Currie@gov.scot

Back to top