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Scottish Prisons Assessment and Review of Outcomes for Women (SPAROW): exploratory baseline study

Findings from exploratory research used to inform the development of the specification for a full and independent evaluation, and to capture the early experiences of women moving to the new Community Custody Units (CCUs).


Bibliography

  • Berghuis M., Palmen H., Cochran J., and Nieuwbeerta P. (2022) “Visitation Enablers and Barriers: Evaluating the Influences of Practical, Relational, and Experiential Factors on Visitation in Dutch Prisons,” Crime and Delinquency Vol 68(12): 2225-2252.
  • Bryman A. (2015) Social Research Methods, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bosma A.Q., Van Ginneken E., Palmen H., Pasma A.J., Beijersbergen K.A. and Nieuwbeerta P. (2020) “A New Instrument to Measure Prison Climate: The Psychometric Quality of the Prison Climate Questionnaire,” The Prison Journal: Vol 100(3) 355-380.
  • Bosma A.Q., Van Ginneken E.F.J.C., Sentse M. and Palmen H. (2020), “Examining Prisoner Misconduct: A Multilevel Test Using Personal Characteristics, Prison Climate, and Prison Environment,” Crime and Delinquency, Vol 66 (4), 451-484.
  • Burman M., Crowley A., MacKenzie M., Armstrong LM., Gelsthorpe L., and Malloch M. (2025), Scottish Prison Assessment and Review of Outcomes for Women (SPAROW), Edinburgh: Scottish Government.
  • Clark T., Foster L., Bryman A., and Sloan L. (2021) Bryman’s Social Research Methods, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Diffley Partnership and KSO Research (2025), Understanding Family Support Needs of People in Prison Custody, Edinburgh: Scottish Government.
  • HMIPS (February 2024), The Lilias Centre Full Inspection, Scotland: HMIPS.
  • HMIPS (March 2024), The Bella Centre Full Inspection, Scotland: HMIPS.
  • Palmen H., Sentse M., Van Ginneken E.F.J.C. and Bosma A.Q. (2022) “The role of prison climate and work climate in understanding subjective safety among correctional staff,” Criminal Justice and Behvaiour Vol 49 (11) 1580-1599.
  • Pasma A.J., Van Ginneken E.F.J.C., Palmen H. and Nieuwbeerta P. (2023) “Do Prisoners With Reintegration Needs Received Relevant Professional Assistance?” International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology Vol 67(2-3): 247-269.
  • SPS (Scottish Prison Service) (2021), Strategy for Women in Custody 2021-2025, Edinburgh: Scottish Prison Service.
  • SPS (Scottish Prison Service) (2018), Risk Management, Progression and Temporary Release Guidance, Edinburgh: Scottish Prison Service.
  • Sentse M., Kreager D.A, Bosma A.Q., Nieuwbeerta P. and Palmen H. (2021) “Social Organisation in Prison: A Social Network Analysis of Interpersonal Relationships among Dutch prisoners,” Justice Quarterly Vol 38(6): 1047-1069.
  • Van Ginneken E.F.J.C., and Palmen H. (2022) “Is there a Relationship Between Prison Conditions and Recidivism,” Justice Quarterly: Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group on behalf of Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences.
  • Van Ginneken E.F.J.C., Palmen H., Bosma A.Q. and Sentse M. (2019), “The Relationship Between Prison Climate and Well-Being,” Criminal Justice and Behaviour, Vol 46 (10), 1385-1404.
  • Van Ginneken E.F.J.C., Palmen J.M.H., Bosma A.Q., Nieuwbeerta P. and Berghuis M.L. (2018), “The Life in Custody Study: The quality of prison life in Dutch prison regimes,” Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 4(4): 253-268.

Contact

Email: Justice_Analysts@gov.scot

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