Information

Scottish Parliament electionthis site will be updated once a new Cabinet is appointed.

Scottish Offshore Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) - fisheries management measures: fisheries assessments – Stanton Banks SAC

These assessments look at the fishing activity occurring within each offshore MPA and SAC and assess the potential impacts of this activity on the protected features within each site. This assessment is for Stanton Banks SAC. These assessments have been updated following public consultation.


8 References

Alverson, D.L., Freeberg, M.H., Murakski, S.A. and Pope, J.G, 1994. A global assessment of fisheries bycatch and discards. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 339. Rome, FAO. 233 pp.

Aronson, R.B., 1989. Brittlestar beds: Low-predation anachronisms in the British Isles. Ecology, 70, 856 – 865.

Aronson, R.B., 1992. Biology of a scale-independent predator-prey relationship. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 89, 1 – 13.

Bacescu, M.C., 1972. Substratum: Animals. In: Marine Ecology: A comprehensive treatise on life in oceans and coastal waters. Volume 1 Environmental Factors Part 3. (ed. O. Kinne). Chichester, John Wiley and Sons.

Bergmann, M. and Moore, P.G., 2001. Mortality of Asterias rubens and Ophiura ophiura discarded in the Nephrops fishery of the Clyde Sea area, Scotland. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 58 (3), 531 – 542.

Boulcott, P. and Howell, T.R.W., 2011. The impact of scallop dredging on rocky-reef substrata. Fisheries Research (Amsterdam), 110 (3), 415 – 420.

Boulcott, P., Millar, C.P. and Fryer, R.J., 2014. Impact of scallop dredging on benthic epifauna in a mixed-substrate habitat. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71 (4), 834 – 844.

Braber, L. and Borghouts, C.H., 1977. Distribution and ecology of Anthozoa in the estuarine region of the rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt. Hydrobiologia, 52, 15 – 21.

Bradshaw, C., Veale, L.O., Hill, A.S. and Brand, A.R., 2000. The effects of scallop dredging on gravelly seabed communities. In: Effects of fishing on non-target species and habitats (ed. M.J. Kaiser and de S.J. Groot), pp 83 – 104. Oxford, Blackwell Science.

Bradshaw, C., Veale, L.O., Hill, A.S. and Brand, A.R., 2002. The role of scallop-dredge disturbance in long-term changes in Irish Sea benthic communities: A re-analysis of an historical dataset. Journal of Sea Research, 47, 161 – 184.

Budd, G.C. 2008. Alcyonium digitatum Dead man's fingers. In Tyler-Walters H. and Hiscock K. (eds) Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Reviews, [on-line]. Plymouth, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.

Catchpole, T.L., Frid, C.L.J. and Gray, T.S., 2005. Discards in North Sea fisheries: Causes, consequences and solutions. Marine Policy, 29 (5), 421 – 430.

Coleman, R.A., Hoskin, M.G., von Carlshausen, E. and Davis, C.M., 2013. Using a no-take zone to assess the impacts of fishing: Sessile epifauna appear insensitive to environmental disturbances from commercial potting. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 440, 100 – 107.

Collie, J.S., Hall, S.J., Kaiser, M.J. and Poiner, I.R., 2000. A quantitative analysis of fishing impacts on shelf-sea benthos. Journal of Animal Ecology, 69 (5), 785 – 798.

Comely, C.A. and Ansell, A.D., 1988. Invertebrate associates of the sea urchin, Echinus esculentus L., from the Scottish west coast. Ophelia, 28, 111 – 137.

Connor, D.W., Allen, J.H., Golding, N., Howell, K.L., Lieberknecht, L.M., Northen, K.O. and Reker, J.B., 2004. The Marine Habitat Classification for Britain and Ireland. Version 04.05. ISBN 1 861 07561 8. In JNCC (2015), The Marine Habitat Classification for Britain and Ireland Version 15.03. [2019-07-24]. Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough. Available from JNCC

Cullen, P. and McCarthy, K., 2002. Wildlife bycatch in a commercial eel fishery on the River Shannon, Ireland. The Irish Naturalists’ Journal, 27 (2), 49 – 56.

Dale, A.C., Boulcott, P. and Sherwin, T.J., 2011. Sedimentation patterns caused by scallop dredging in a physically dynamic environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62 (11), 2433 – 2441.

Davoult, D., Gounin, F. and Richard, A., 1990. Dynamique et reproduction de la population d'Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard) du détroit du Pas de Calais (Manche orientale). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 138, 201 – 216.

Davoult, D., and Gounin, F., 1995. Suspension feeding activity of a dense Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard) population at the water-sediment interface: Time coupling of food availability and feeding behaviour of the species. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 41, 567 – 577.

De-Bastos, E.S.R., Hill, J.M., Lloyd, K.A., and Watson, A., 2023. Brittlestars on faunal and algal encrusted exposed to moderately wave-exposed circalittoral rock. In Tyler-Walters H. Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Reviews, [on-line]. Plymouth, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. [cited 20-12-2023].

De Kluijver, M.J., 1993. Sublittoral hard-substratum communities off Orkney and St Abbs (Scotland). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 73 (4), 733 – 754.

Dethier, M.N., 1994. The ecology of intertidal algal crusts: Variation within a functional group. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 177 (1), 37-71.

Donaldson, A., Gabriel, C., Harvey, B. J. and Carolsfeld, J., 2010. Impacts of fishing gears other than bottom trawls, dredges, gillnets and longlines on aquatic biodiversity and vulnerable marine ecosystems. DFO Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat Research Document 2010/011, 84 pp.

Feekings, J., Bartolino, V., Madsen, N. and Catchpole, T., 2012. Fishery discards: Factors affecting their variability within a demersal trawl fishery. PLoS ONE 7(4): e36409.

Gubbay, S. and Knapman, P. A., 1999. A review of the effects of fishing within UK European Marine Sites. English Nature (UK Marine SACs Project). 134 pp.

Hall-Spencer, J.M. and Moore, P.G., 2000. Impact of scallop dredging on maerl grounds. In Effects of fishing on non-target species and habitats. (ed. M.J. Kaiser and S.J., de Groot) 105 – 117. Oxford, Blackwell Science.

Hill, A.S., Brand, A.R., Veale, L.O. and Hawkins, S.J., 1997. Assessment of the effects of scallop dredging on benthic communities. Final Report to MAFF, Contract CSA 2332. Liverpool, University of Liverpool.

Hinz, H., Prieto, V. and Kaiser, M.J., 2009. Trawl disturbance on benthic communities: Chronic effects and experimental predictions. Ecological Applications, 19 (3), 761 – 773.

Hinz, H., Murray, L. G., Malcolm, F. R. and Kaiser, M. J., 2012. The environmental impacts of three different queen scallop (Aequipecten opercularis) fishing gears. Marine Environmental Research, 73, 85 – 95.

Hiscock, K. 2000. Circalittoral caves and overhangs. In Tyler-Walters H. and Hiscock K. (eds) Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Reviews, [on-line]. Plymouth, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.

Hiscock, K. and Howlett, R. 1976. The ecology of Caryophyllia smithii Stokes and Broderip on south-western coasts of the British Isles. In Underwater Research (ed. E.A. Drew, J.N. Lythgoe and J.D. Woods), pp 319-344. London, Academic Press.

Hobson, A.D., 1930. Regeneration of the spines in sea-urchins. Nature, 125: 168.

Hughes, D.J., 1998. Subtidal brittlestar beds. An overview of dynamics and sensitivity characteristics for conservation management of marine SACs. Natura 2000 report prepared for Scottish Association of Marine Science (SAMS) for the UK Marine SACs Project. UK Marine SACs Project, Vol. 3. Scottish Association for Marine Science.

ICES, 2011. Report of the Workshop on seine net selectivity (WKSEINE).

ICES, 2013. Report of the Workshop to Review and Advise on Seabird Bycatch (WKBYCS). ICES Advisory Committee, ICES CM 2013/ACOM:77, 77pp.

Jenkins, S.R., Beukers-Stewart, B.D. and Brand, A.R., 2001. Impact of scallop dredging on benthic megafauna: A comparison of damage levels in captured and non-captured organisms. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 215, 297 – 301.

Jennings, S. and Kaiser, M.J., 1998. The effects of fishing on marine ecosystems. Advances in Marine Biology, 34, 201 – 352.

Jones, L.A., Hiscock, K. and Connor, D.W., 2000. Marine habitat reviews. A summary of ecological requirements and sensitivity characteristics for the conservation and management of marine SACs. UK Marine SACs Project report. Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough.

Kaiser, M.J., Ramsay, K., Richardson, C.A., Spence, F.E. and Brand, A.R., 2000. Chronic fishing disturbance has changed shelf sea benthic community structure. Journal of Animal Ecology, 69, 494 – 503.

Kaiser, M.J., Collie, J.S., Hall, S.J., Jennings, S. and Poiner, I.R., 2001. Impacts of fishing gear on marine benthic habitats. Reykjavik Conference on responsible fisheries in the marine ecosystem. Reykjavik, Iceland, 1 – 4 October 2001.

Kaiser, M. J., Collie, J. S., Hall, S. J., Jennings, S. and Poiner, I. R., 2002. Modifications of marine habitats by trawling activities: Prognosis and solutions. Fish and Fisheries, 3 (2), 114 – 136.

Kaiser, M.J., Clarke, K.R., Hinz, H., Austen, M.C.V., Somerfield, P.J. and Karakassis, I., 2006. Global analysis of response and recovery of benthic biota to fishing. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 311, 1 – 14.

Königson, S., Lövgren, J., Hjelm, J., Ovegård, M., Ljunghager, F. and Lunneryd, S.G., 2015. Seal exclusion devices in cod pots prevent seal bycatch and affect their catchability of cod. Fisheries Research, 167, 114 – 122.

Lart W., 2012. Fishing spatial-temporal pressures and sensitivities analysis for MPA Fishing Industry Collaboration Pilot FES 252: Report of Seafish workshop on the physical effects of fishing activities on the Dogger Bank. 36 pp.

Lawrence, J.M., 1975. On the relationships between marine plants and sea urchins. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 13, 213 – 286.

Littler, M.M., and Kauker, B.J., 1984. Heterotrichy and survival strategies in the red alga Corallina officinalis L. Botanica Marina, 27, 37 – 44.

Lunneryd, S.G., Hemingsson, M., Tärnlund, S. and Fjälling, A., 2005. A voluntary logbook scheme as a method of monitoring the by-catch of seals in Swedish coastal fisheries. In ICES CM (X:04). International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Moore, P.G., 1977. Inorganic particulate suspensions in the sea and their effects on marine animals. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 15, 225-363.

Murray, S., Wanless, S. and Harris, M.P., 1994. The effects of fixed Salmo salar nets on guillemot Uria aalge and razorbill Alca torda in Northeast Scotland in 1992. Biological Conservation, 70 (3), 251 – 256.

O’Neill, F.G., Summerbell, K. and Breen, M., 2008. The suspension of sediment by scallop dredges. Fisheries Research Services Internal Report No. 08/08, Aberdeen.

O’Neill, F.G. and Summerbell, K., 2011. The mobilisation of sediment by demersal otter trawls. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62 (5), 1088 – 1097.

Paschen, M., Richter, U. and Köpnick, W., 2000. Trawl Penetration in the Seabed (TRAPESE). EC-Final Report, Contract No. 96 – 006, University of Rostock.

Pierpoint, C., 2000. Bycatch of marine turtles in UK and Irish waters. JNCC Report No. 310. JNCC, Peterborough. 32 pp.

Polet H. and Depestele J., 2010. Impact assessment of the effects of a selected range of fishing gears in the North Sea. ILVO, Geneva. 110 pp.

Riemann, B. and Hoffmann, E., 1991. Ecological consequences of dredging and bottom trawling in the Limfjord, Denmark. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 69 (1 – 2), 171 – 178.

Robson, L.M., Fincham, J., Peckett, F.J., Frost, N., Jackson, C., Carter, A.J. and Matear, L. 2018. UK Marine Pressures-Activities Database “PAD”: Methods Report, JNCC Report No. 624, JNCC, Peterborough. 24 pp.

Seafish, 2014. Edible crab in the Celtic Sea, pots.

Sewell, J. and Hiscock, K., 2005. Effects of fishing within UK European Marine Sites: Guidance for nature conservation agencies. Report to the Countryside Council for Wales, Engligh Nature and Scottish Natural Heritage from the Marine Biological Association. Marine Biological Association, Plymouth. CCW Contract FC 73-03-214A. 195 pp.

Sewell, J., Harris, R., Hinz, H., Votier, S. and Hiscock, H., 2007. An assessment of the impact of selected fishing activities on European marine sites and a review of mitigation measures. Seafish Report SR591. 217 pp.

Sköld, M., 1998. Escape responses in four epibenthic brittle stars (Ophiuroidea: Echinodermata). Ophelia, 49, 163-179.

Stamp, T.E., Tyler-Walters, H., Lloyd, K.A. and Watson, A., 2023. Faunal and algal crusts on exposed to moderately wave-exposed circalittoral rock. In Tyler-Walters H. and Hiscock K. (eds) Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Reviews, [on-line]. Plymouth, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. [cited 20-12-2023].

Suuronen, P., Chopin, F., Glass, C., Løkkeborg, S., Matsushite, Y., Queirolo D. and Rihan D., 2012. Low Impact and fuel efficient fishing – looking beyond the horizon. Fisheries Research, 119 – 120, 135 – 146.

Tillin, H. and Tyler-Walters, H., 2014. Assessing the sensitivity of subtidal sedimentary habitats to pressures associated with marine activities. Phase 2 Report – Literature review and sensitivity assessments for ecological groups for circalittoral and offshore Level 5 biotopes. JNCC Report No. 512B. 260 pp.

Tulp, I., Piet, G., Quirijns, F., Rijnsdorp, A. and Lindeboom, H., 2005. A method to quantify fisheries induced mortality of benthos and fish. RIVO-Netherlands Institute for Fisheries Research, Report No: C087/05.

Walmsley, S.F., Bowles, A., Eno, N.C. and West, N., 2015. Evidence for management of potting impacts on protected features. Contract Reference: MMO1086.

Walsh, S.J. and Winger, P.D., 2011. Bottom seining in Canada, 1948 – 2010: Its development, fisheries and ecosystem impacts. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 2922. 147 pp.

Contact

Email: marine_biodiversity@gov.scot

Back to top