National Care Service - national systems of social care in Nordic and Scandinavian countries: learning and evidence review

Appendix 2: Search strategy

Database search terms

1. Denmark or Danish or Finland or Finnish or Norway or Norwegian or Sweden or Swedish or Scandinavia* or Nordic or Iceland* or Europe*) adj5 ("social care" or "social service*" or "social care service*" or "long-term care" or "adult care" or "care program*" or "model* of care" or "integrated care" or "joint working")).ti,ab.

2. (governance or funding or interface* or delivery or system* or experien* or barrier* or facilitator* or integrat* or structure* or "population outcome*" or "health care quality indicator*" or qualitative or "policy change*" or "hospital admission*" or discharge or readmission* or "health system* performance*" or inequal* or inequit* or "human rights" or access* or "user outcome*" or "person* outcome*" or "person-centred").ti,ab.

3. 1 and 2

4. limit 3 to (english language and yr="2010 -25 January 2022")

Grey literature (Google search):

The first 100 hits from Google for the following searches were retrieved and added to Sciwheel reference manager for an initial screen before being added to Covidence:

(Denmark | Danish) ("social care" | "social service" | "social care service" | "long-term care" "integrated care")

(Finland | Finnish) ("social care" | "social service" | "social care service" | "long-term care" "integrated care")

(Norway | Norwegian) ("social care" | "social service" | "social care service" | "long-term care" "integrated care")

(Sweden | Swedish) ("social care" | "social service" | "social care service" | "long-term care" "integrated care")

(Iceland) ("social care" | "social service" | "social care service" | "long-term care" "integrated care")

(Nordic | Scandinavian | Europe) ("social care" | "social service" | "social care service" | "long-term care" "integrated care")

("social care" | "social service" | "social care service" | "long-term care" "integrated care") site: who.int

("social care" | "social service" | "social care service" | "long-term care" "integrated care") site: eurohealthnet.eu

Inclusion/exclusion (PICOS):

Criteria: Population

Include:

• Adults
• Selected countries (Scandinavian and Nordic, including pan European)
• Cross-country studies that include findings for selected countries

Exclude:

• Children
• Other countries
• Dates – pre 2010

Criteria: Intervention

Include:

• National social care structures including:
• Legislation
• Commissioning
• Regulation
• Improvement
• Access
• Care planning
• Workforce development
• Users experience if national level or linked to overarching care strategy.
• Experts' views on national systems (opinions?)
• Quantitative outcomes e.g. LTC and hospital admissions
• Primary health care (if clear link with social care)
• Findings from large care networks (Pan EU) (check with steering group if in scope)
• Inequity of access to services (or different types of care services eg by SES)

Exclude:

• Individual-level interventions
• Community-level interventions
• No link to national care structures in title or abstract (or aims/objectives)
• Informal carers/unpaid carers/home care unless a national level focus

Criteria: Comparison

Include: n/a

Exclude: n/a

Criteria: Outcomes

Exclude:

• No outcome (population or person-centred)
• No quantitative analysis (e.g. hospital admission/discharge)

Criteria: Study design

Include:

• As per RQs
• Studies of national policies (policy analysis)
• Scoping reviews (but new ones could be useful – include if methods, check references)

Exclude:

• No methods described
• Editorial/opinion piece
• Conference paper
• Protocols
• Methods papers (e.g. validation of tools)
• Descriptive trends