Flood disadvantage in Scotland: mapping the potential losses in well-being

This Scottish research looks at the communities most socially and spatially vulnerable to potential flood events in terms of their underlying characteristics (i.e. socio-demographic data such as age and health, spatial and physical characteristics of the neighbourhood), with a focus on mapping flood disadvantage (i.e. socio-spatial vulnerability combined with the probability of being flooded).


6 Appendix 1

Table A1.1 Domains associated with each of the five dimensions of socio-spatial flood vulnerability[23]

Dimension Domain Example explanation
Sensitivity
Biophysical characteristics
Age old & young are more physically susceptible to harm
Health those with pre-existing illnesses are more susceptible
Special care those in care environments already require additional support
Exposure
Physical neighbourhood attributes
Physical environment amount of green or blue space; availability of gardens
Housing characteristics type of building (basement & street level dwellings)
Preparation
Taking precautions
Income ability to obtain technical solutions (e.g. flood gates)
Tenure ability to modify living environments
Information use ability to use/access information
Local knowledge availability of personal or community experience from past events in the local area
Insurance likelihood of insurance being available
Response
Avoiding losses
Income ability to use technical and other solutions
Information use language & education affecting the ability to respond to warnings
Local knowledge availability of personal or community experience from past events in the local area
Insurance likelihood of insurance being available
Social networks availability of personal or community networks
Mobility availability of personal/household mobility
Crime ability to deploy adaptive measure, e.g. flood gates
General accessibility general neighbourhood accessibility
Recovery
Recovering from a flood event
Income ability to replace lost goods, find temporary accommodation
Information use ability to understand what help is available and what to do (language & education)
Insurance ability to claim for damages and re-insure
Social networks availability of personal/community networks (if isolated less likely to obtain assistance)
Mobility general mobility/disability
Housing mobility ability to move away from an area

Table A1.2: List of indicators used for Scotland. Differences in indicators to England are shown in bold font.

Dimension Domain Indicator Locations Groups
Heat Flood Heat Flood
Sensitivity Age % very young (<5) Y Y Y Y
Sensitivity Age % old (> 65) Y Y
Sensitivity Age % very old (> 75) Y Y Y Y
Sensitivity Health % with Limiting Long Term Illness Y Y Y Y
Sensitivity Health % with Limiting Long Term Illness but working Y Y
Sensitivity Health % in poor health Y Y
Sensitivity Health % HHs with at least one person with a LLTI Y Y Y Y
Sensitivity Care % in nursing care Y Y
Sensitivity Care % in residential care Y Y
Enhanced Exposure Physical Environment % urbana Y Y Y Y
Enhanced Exposure Physical Geography Average distance to coast of zoneb Y Y
Enhanced Exposure Physical Geography Minimum distance from coast in the zoneb Y
Enhanced Exposure Physical Geography Average elevation for the zone (low = high exposure)c Y Y
Enhanced Exposure Physical Geography Maximum elevation for the zone (low = high exposure)c Y
Enhanced Exposure Housing % HHs Lowest floor level: Basement or semi-basement Y Y
Enhanced Exposure Housing % HHs Lowest floor level: Ground floor (street level) Y Y
Enhanced Exposure Housing % HHs Lowest floor level: Fifth floor or higher Y Y
Prepare Income % unemployed Y Y Y Y
Prepare Income % in low income work (routine/manual) Y Y Y Y
Prepare Income Workless Client Group: % of Working Age Population d Y Y
Prepare Income % unemployed Never worked/LTUemp Y Y Y Y
Prepare Income % HHs with no adults working and with dependent children Y Y Y Y
Prepare Income % HHs with no adults working with no dependent children Y Y
Prepare Income Percentage of Households Income Deprived (Decile, 2004/05) e Y Y Y Y
Prepare Income % all pensioner HHs Y Y Y Y
Prepare Income % pensioners Y Y Y Y
Prepare Tenure % renting from social landlords Y Y Y Y
Prepare Tenure % renting from private landlords Y Y Y Y
Prepare Tenure % renting from social landlords Y Y Y Y
Prepare Tenure % renting from private landlords Y Y Y Y
Prepare Tenure % HHs not owner occupied (reverse of formal variable) Y Y
Prepare Tenure % HHs not owned outright (reverse of formal variable) Y Y
Prepare Info use % Born outside UK Y Y Y Y
Prepare Info use % born in other EU countries Y Y
Prepare Info use % born Elsewhere (Outside Europe) Y Y
Prepare Info use New migrants from overseas (People with <1 yr residency coming from outside UK) Y Y Y Y
Prepare Info use % with basic education (no or level 1) Y Y
Prepare Local knowledge New migrants from outside the local area Y Y
Prepare Local knowledge % None White HHs with <1 yr residency in area Y
Prepare Insurance Past flood events (% area associated with past events)f Y Y
Response Income % unemployed Y Y Y Y
Response Income % in low income work (routine/manual) Y Y Y Y
Response Income Workless Client Group: % of Working Age Population d Y Y
Response Income % unemployed Never worked/LTUemp Y Y Y Y
Response Income % HHs with no adults working and with dependent children Y Y Y Y
Response Income % HHs with no adults working with no dependent children Y Y
Response Income Percentage of Households Income Deprived (Decile, 2004/05) e Y Y Y Y
Response Income % all pensioner HHs Y Y Y Y
Response Income % pensioners Y Y Y Y
Response Info use % Born outside UK Y Y Y Y
Response Info use % born in other EU countries Y Y
Response Info use % born Elsewhere (Outside Europe) Y Y
Response Info use New migrants from overseas (People with <1 yr residency coming from outside UK) Y Y Y Y
Response Info use % with basic education (no or level 1) Y Y
Response Local Knowledge New migrants from outside the local area Y Y
Response Local Knowledge % None White HHs with <1 yr residency in area Y
Response Insurance Past flood events (% area associated with past events)f Y Y
Response Social Networks % Single pensioner household Y Y Y Y
Response Social Networks % female lone parent households Y Y
Response Social Networks % Single person households (non-pensioner) Y Y
Response Social Networks % Lone parent households with dependent children Y Y Y Y
Response Social Networks % households with dependent children Y Y
Response Social Networks % people who do not provide unpaid care (reverse of formal variable) Y Y Y Y
Response Mobility % disabled Y Y Y Y
Response Mobility Avg Yearly Incapacity Benefit/Severe Disablement Allowance claimants d Y Y Y Y
Response Mobility % households with no car/van Y Y Y Y
Response Mobility % HHs without more than one car/van (reverse of formal variable) Y Y
Response Mobility % not home workers (resident pop) Y Y
Response Mobility % travel to work by public transport (resident pop) Y
Response Mobility mean hours worked Y
Response Crime Total no. of SIMD crimes04 Y Y
Response Crime No. SIMD crimes per 10,000-2004 e Y Y Y Y
Response General Access Average Distance (km) Travelled to Place of Work or Study d Y Y Y Y
Recovery Income % unemployed Y Y
Recovery Income % in low income work (routine/manual) Y Y
Recovery Income Workless Client Group: % of Working Age Population d Y
Recovery Income % unemployed Never worked/LTUemp Y Y
Recovery Income % HHs with no adults working and with dependent children Y Y
Recovery Income % HHs with no adults working with no dependent children Y
Recovery Income Percentage of Households Income Deprived (Decile, 2004/05) e Y Y
Recovery Income % all pensioner HHs Y Y
Recovery Income % pensioners Y Y
Recovery Info Use % Born outside UK and Ireland Y Y Y Y
Recovery Info Use % born in other EU countries (excluding Ireland) Y Y
Recovery Info Use % born Elsewhere (Outside Europe) Y Y
Recovery Info Use % People with No or level 1 qualification Y Y
Recovery Info Use People with <1 yr residency coming from outside UK Y Y Y Y
Recovery Insurance Past flood events (% area associated with past events)e Y Y
Recovery Social Networks % Single pensioner household Y Y Y Y
Recovery Social Networks % female lone parent households Y Y
Recovery Social Networks % Single person households (non-pensioner) Y Y
Recovery Social Networks % Lone parent households with dependent children Y Y Y Y
Recovery Social Networks % households with dependent children <4 Y Y
Recovery Social Networks % people who do not provide unpaid care (reverse of formal variable) Y Y Y Y
Recovery Mobility % disabled Y Y Y Y
Recovery Mobility Avg Yearly Incapacity Benefit/Severe Disablement Allowance claimants d Y Y Y Y
Recovery Mobility % households with no car Y Y
Recovery Mobility % HHs without more than one car (reverse of formal variable) Y
Recovery Mobility % not home workers (resident pop) (reverse of formal variable) Y Y
Recovery Mobility % travel to work by public transport (resident pop) Y
Recovery Mobility mean hours worked Y
Recovery Service Access Mean distance to GP surgery d Y Y

Table Notes and Data Acknowledgements:

All data are from or derived from the UK Census 2001, except for:

a: calculated from urban footprint boundaries Edina UK Borders.

b: calculated from Edina UK Borders coastline data. Estimates are based on "as-the-crow-flies" (Euclidean) distances.

c: mean elevation, calculated from the same source as for the other devolved nations.

d: Scottish National Statistics.

e: Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2004/5, Scottish National Statistics.

f: Scottish Environment Protection Agency historical flood zones.

Contact

Email: Jackie Horne

Back to top